Hiromatsu Y, Fukazawa H, Wall J R
Thyroid Research Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1987 Jun;16(2):269-86.
Cytotoxic antibodies against thyroid cells and eye muscle cells, measured as antibody-dependent complement-mediated cytotoxicity and ADCC, have been demonstrated in sera from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, respectively. Such antibodies are probably never present in the absence of target cell damage. Because cell-mediated cytotoxicity plays an important role in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis, further studies are necessary to elucidate the roles of NK cells, K cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the thyroid cell damage in AITD and orbital cell damage in ophthalmopathy. The socalled aberrant expression of HLA-DR antigens on thyroid cells and orbital cells and the gamma-interferon production by activated T cells may be both intimately associated with the development of autoimmune reactions in the thyroid and the orbit. Cytotoxic antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes against antigens shared between eye muscle cells and thyroid cells may be directly responsible for the eye muscle cell damage in endocrine ophthalmopathy, and they may explain the close association of ophthalmopathy with Graves' hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
分别在桥本甲状腺炎患者和甲状腺相关性眼病患者的血清中检测到了针对甲状腺细胞和眼肌细胞的细胞毒性抗体，检测方法为抗体依赖的补体介导的细胞毒性作用和抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒性作用。在没有靶细胞损伤的情况下，这类抗体可能从未出现过。由于细胞介导的细胞毒性在实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎中起重要作用，因此有必要进一步研究自然杀伤细胞、杀伤细胞和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病中甲状腺细胞损伤以及在眼病中眼眶细胞损伤所起的作用。甲状腺细胞和眼眶细胞上所谓的HLA-DR抗原异常表达以及活化T细胞产生的γ干扰素可能都与甲状腺和眼眶自身免疫反应的发生密切相关。针对眼肌细胞和甲状腺细胞共有的抗原的细胞毒性抗体和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞可能直接导致内分泌性眼病中的眼肌细胞损伤，并且它们可能解释了眼病与格雷夫斯甲亢和桥本甲状腺炎的密切关联。
