Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry.
Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 1;34(2):186-192. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000668.
This review discusses recent developments in the application of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to dementia research.
MPI is a tracer method that is currently in the preclinical development stage. It provides high sensitivity for the detection and localization of magnetic nanoparticles with very high spatial and temporal resolution and a similar application spectrum as PET. Unlike MRI, the MPI signal is not contaminated by background signal from tissues and is highly quantifiable in terms of local tracer concentrations. These properties make the technology ideally suited for localization of specific targets or quantification of vascular parameters. MPI uses magnetic nanoparticles which can be modified by various coatings, and by adding ligands (i.e. peptides or antibodies) for specific targeting. This makes MPI an attractive tool for the potential detection of abnormal protein deposits, such as Aβ plaques, with greater specificity than MRI. Neural stem cells can also be labelled with these nanoparticles ex vivo to monitor their migration in vivo.
The capabilities of MPI opens the potential for several applications of MPI in neurocognitive disorders, including vascular imaging, detection of amyloid plaques and potentially other pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and stem-cell tracking.
本综述讨论了磁共振粒子成像（MPI）在痴呆研究中的最新应用进展。
MPI 是一种示踪方法，目前处于临床前开发阶段。它具有非常高的灵敏度，可用于检测和定位磁性纳米粒子，具有非常高的空间和时间分辨率，应用范围与 PET 相似。与 MRI 不同，MPI 信号不受组织背景信号的污染，并且可以对局部示踪剂浓度进行高度定量。这些特性使该技术非常适合于特定靶标的定位或血管参数的定量。MPI 使用可以通过各种涂层进行修饰的磁性纳米粒子，并可以通过添加配体（即肽或抗体）进行特定靶向。这使得 MPI 成为一种有吸引力的工具，可用于潜在地检测异常蛋白质沉积物，如 Aβ斑块，其特异性优于 MRI。还可以将这些纳米粒子体外标记神经干细胞，以监测其在体内的迁移。
MPI 的功能为神经认知障碍的几种 MPI 应用打开了潜力，包括血管成像、淀粉样斑块的检测以及阿尔茨海默病和干细胞跟踪的其他潜在病理标志物。
