Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Dipartimento di Psicologia Dinamica e Clinica, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 12;17(22):8358. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228358.
Emergency situations have been associated with negative psychological adjustment outcomes in healthcare professionals, although studies on the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic amongst Italian health workers are limited. The main aim of this study was to investigate the psychological adjustment of healthcare professionals during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, evaluating differences according to working or not with patients affected by COVID-19 and in areas with a more severe spread of this pandemic. Healthcare professionals' attitudes toward psychological support were analyzed. The levels of anxiety, depression, psychological stress, and professional quality of life (compassion satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue) and attitudes toward psychological support were measured among 627 Italian healthcare workers (mean age = 40.55 years; SD = 11.49; range: 27-72). Significantly higher levels of stress, burnout, secondary trauma, anxiety, and depression were observed among professionals working with COVID-19 patients. Higher levels of stress and burnout and lower levels of compassion satisfaction were detected in professionals working in areas with higher rates of contagion. No interaction effects were found between working (or not) with patients affected by COVID-19 and working (or not) in areas with a more severe diffusion of this pandemic. Finally, in the group of professionals who worked with COVID-19 patients, the percentage of professionals who thought to ask for psychological support was twice that of the group that did not work with COVID-19 patients. The overall findings indicate that the mental health of frontline healthcare workers requires further consideration and that targeted prevention and intervention programs are necessary.
紧急情况与医护人员的负面心理调整结果有关，尽管针对意大利卫生工作者的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的研究有限。本研究的主要目的是在 COVID-19 大流行高峰期调查医护人员的心理调整情况，根据是否与 COVID-19 患者以及在该大流行传播更为严重的地区工作来评估差异。分析了医护人员对心理支持的态度。在意大利，627 名医护人员（平均年龄= 40.55 岁；标准差= 11.49；范围：27-72）中测量了焦虑、抑郁、心理压力、职业生活质量（同情满足、倦怠和同情疲劳）和对心理支持的态度。与 COVID-19 患者一起工作的专业人员的压力、倦怠、二次创伤、焦虑和抑郁水平明显更高。在传染病传播率较高的地区工作的专业人员的压力和倦怠水平较高，同情满足水平较低。与 COVID-19 患者一起工作（或不工作）和在大流行传播更为严重的地区工作（或不工作）之间没有发现交互作用。最后，在与 COVID-19 患者一起工作的专业人员组中，认为需要寻求心理支持的专业人员比例是未与 COVID-19 患者一起工作的专业人员的两倍。总体结果表明，一线医护人员的心理健康需要进一步考虑，有必要制定有针对性的预防和干预计划。
