Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe 654-0142, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 13;17(22):8412. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228412.
This cross-sectional study determined whether various factors, such as parental behavior, attitude, and knowledge and sibling and peer behaviors, were associated with smoking and drinking among early adolescents in the Republic of Vanuatu. For this purpose, logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relative importance of the factors as well as the influences of the parents/guardians, siblings, and peers. The participants consisted of 157 seventh- and eighth-grade adolescents (mean age = 13.3 years; 52.2% girls), including their parents/guardians, from three public schools in Vanuatu. According to the results, the proportions of smokers and drinkers among the adolescents were 12.7% each, while the majority of the parents/guardians disapproved of underage smoking and drinking. In addition, peer influences (i.e., regularly smoking and/or drinking and offering tobacco and/or alcohol) was significantly associated with ever smoking and drinking, whereas parental and sibling influences did not have a significant impact on ever smoking and drinking. In sum, being given tobacco or alcohol from peers had the strongest association with ever smoking and drinking among the adolescents in this study. Thus, future school-based intervention programs should focus on enhancing early adolescents' life skills, including the ability to resist offers of tobacco and/or alcohol from their peers.
本横断面研究旨在确定父母行为、态度和知识以及兄弟姐妹和同伴行为等各种因素是否与瓦努阿图共和国青少年的吸烟和饮酒有关。为此，采用逻辑回归分析来确定这些因素的相对重要性以及父母/监护人、兄弟姐妹和同伴的影响。参与者包括来自瓦努阿图三所公立学校的 157 名七、八年级青少年（平均年龄=13.3 岁；52.2%为女生）及其父母/监护人。结果表明，青少年吸烟者和饮酒者的比例分别为 12.7%，而大多数父母/监护人不赞成未成年人吸烟和饮酒。此外，同伴影响（即经常吸烟和/或饮酒以及提供烟草和/或酒精）与青少年吸烟和饮酒有显著关联，而父母和兄弟姐妹的影响与吸烟和饮酒没有显著关联。总之，在本研究中，青少年从同伴那里获得烟草或酒精与吸烟和饮酒有最强的关联。因此，未来的基于学校的干预计划应侧重于提高青少年的生活技能，包括抵制来自同伴的烟草和/或酒精的能力。
