对自己和他人怀有同情心可保护急救人员的心理健康。
Compassion for Oneself and Others Protects the Mental Health of First Responders.
作者信息
McDonald Mollie A, Meckes Samantha J, Lancaster Cynthia L
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, (0296) 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
出版信息
Mindfulness (N Y). 2021;12(3):659-671. doi: 10.1007/s12671-020-01527-y. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
OBJECTIVES
First responders are at elevated risk for psychological distress from frequent exposure to potentially traumatic events. Self-compassion may buffer against the negative impact of these stressors, and the potential emotional challenges of having high levels of compassion for others. However, little is known about the psychological impact of compassion in first responders. We examined how self-compassion, compassionate love for others, and service role interacted to predict mental health in a diverse group of first responders.
METHODS
First responders ( = 171) with both traditional and emotional support roles completed an online survey including measures of self-compassion, compassionate love, psychological distress, post-traumatic stress, secondary traumatic stress, burnout, resilience, compassion satisfaction, and life satisfaction.
RESULTS
Greater self-compassion and compassionate love both independently predicted less depersonalization (|β|s ≥ .18, s < .01). Greater self-compassion predicted less general psychological distress, post-traumatic stress, secondary traumatic stress, and emotional exhaustion, as well as greater resilience and life satisfaction (|β|s ≥ .35, s < .001). Greater compassionate love predicted greater personal accomplishment and compassion satisfaction for all first responders (|β|s ≥ .30, s < .001); for traditional first responders only, greater self-compassion predicted greater personal accomplishment and compassion satisfaction (role x self-compassion; |β|s ≥ .16, s < .05). Emotional support first responders reported less emotional exhaustion and greater resilience than traditional first responders (|β|s ≥ .21, s < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Self-compassion and compassionate love each play important roles in promoting mental health among first responders. Programs designed to increase compassion could be beneficial in this population.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-020-01527-y.
目的
急救人员因频繁接触潜在创伤性事件而面临更高的心理困扰风险。自我同情可能会缓冲这些压力源的负面影响，以及对他人怀有高度同情所带来的潜在情感挑战。然而，对于急救人员中同情的心理影响知之甚少。我们研究了自我同情、对他人的同情关爱以及服务角色如何相互作用，以预测不同类型急救人员的心理健康状况。
方法
担任传统和情感支持角色的急救人员（n = 171）完成了一项在线调查，其中包括自我同情、同情关爱、心理困扰、创伤后应激障碍、继发性创伤应激、职业倦怠、心理韧性、同情满足感和生活满意度的测量。
结果
更高的自我同情和同情关爱均独立预测较少的人格解体（|β|s≥.18，ps <.01）。更高的自我同情预测较少的一般心理困扰、创伤后应激障碍、继发性创伤应激和情感耗竭，以及更高的心理韧性和生活满意度（|β|s≥.35，ps <.001）。更高的同情关爱预测所有急救人员更高的个人成就感和同情满足感（|β|s≥.30，ps <.001）；仅对于传统急救人员，更高的自我同情预测更高的个人成就感和同情满足感（角色×自我同情；|β|s≥.16，ps <.05）。情感支持急救人员比传统急救人员报告的情感耗竭更少，心理韧性更高（|β|s≥.21，ps <.05）。
结论
自我同情和同情关爱在促进急救人员心理健康方面均发挥着重要作用。旨在增强同情心的项目可能对这一群体有益。
补充信息
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12671-020-01527-y获取的补充材料。
Zotero 插件