Stapleton P, Dispenza J, McGill S, Sabot D, Peach M, Raynor D
School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4229, Australia.
Encephalon Inc., WA, USA.
IBRO Rep. 2020 Oct 27;9:290-301. doi: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.10.006. eCollection 2020 Dec.
This study investigated the impact of a brief meditation workshop on a sample of 223 novice meditators. Participants attended a three-day workshop comprising daily guided seated meditation sessions using music without vocals that focused on various emotional states and intentions (open focus). Based on the theory of integrative consciousness, it was hypothesized that altered states of consciousness would be experienced by participants during the meditation intervention as assessed using electroencephalogram (EEG). Brainwave power bands patterns were measured throughout the meditation training workshop, producing a total of 5616 EEG scans. Changes in conscious states were analysed using pre-meditation and post-meditation session measures of delta through to gamma oscillations. Results suggested the meditation intervention had large varying effects on EEG spectra (up to 50 % increase and 24 % decrease), and the speed of change from pre-meditation to post-meditation state of the EEG co-spectra was significant (with 0.76 probability of entering end-meditation state within the first minute). There was a main 5 % decrease in delta power (95 % HDI = [-0.07, -0.03]); a global increase in theta power of 29 % (95 % HDI = [0.27, 0.33]); a global increase of 16 % (95 % HDI = [0.13, 0.19]) in alpha power; a main effect of condition, with global beta power increasing by 17 % (95 % HDI = [0.15, 0.19]); and an 11 % increase (95 % HDI = [0.08, 0.14]) in gamma power from pre-meditation to end-meditation. Findings provided preliminary support for brief meditation in altering states of consciousness in novice meditators. Future clinical examination of meditation was recommended as an intervention for mental health conditions particularly associated with hippocampal impairments.
本研究调查了一个简短冥想工作坊对223名新手冥想者样本的影响。参与者参加了一个为期三天的工作坊，其中包括每日使用无歌词音乐的引导式坐姿冥想课程，这些课程专注于各种情绪状态和意图（开放专注）。基于整合意识理论，研究假设参与者在冥想干预期间会体验到意识状态的改变，这通过脑电图（EEG）进行评估。在整个冥想训练工作坊中测量脑电波功率带模式，共产生5616次EEG扫描。使用冥想前和冥想后从δ波到γ波振荡的测量来分析意识状态的变化。结果表明，冥想干预对EEG频谱有很大的不同影响（增加高达50%，减少24%），并且EEG协谱从冥想前状态到冥想后状态的变化速度是显著的（在第一分钟内进入冥想结束状态的概率为0.76）。δ波功率主要下降5%（95%最高密度区间 = [-0.07, -0.03]）；θ波功率整体增加29%（95%最高密度区间 = [0.27, 0.33]）；α波功率整体增加16%（95%最高密度区间 = [0.13, 0.19]）；条件的主要效应是，整体β波功率增加17%（95%最高密度区间 = [0.15, 0.19]）；从冥想前到冥想结束，γ波功率增加11%（95%最高密度区间 = [0.08, 0.14]）。研究结果为简短冥想改变新手冥想者的意识状态提供了初步支持。建议未来对冥想进行临床检查，将其作为一种针对特别是与海马体损伤相关的心理健康状况的干预措施。
