Phibro Animal Health Corporation, 300 Frank W. Burr Boulevard, Teaneck, NJ 07666.
Southern Poultry Research, Inc., 96 Roquemore Road, Athens, GA 30607.
Avian Dis. 2020 Sep 1;64(3):300-304. doi: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-20-00016.
A series of studies was carried out to determine the anticoccidial effects of a product derived from plant material sourced from Quillaja saponaria and Yucca schidigera. These plants are known to contain high concentrations of triterpenoid and steroidal saponins, substances that are known to display an array of biological effects. Battery tests involving individual Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, and Eimeria tenella infections and graded levels of a quillaja/yucca combination (QY) (0, 200, 250, and 300 ppm) were conducted. Body weight gain, coccidial lesion scores, and total oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) were used to evaluate anticoccidial effects. In addition, three floor pen trials evaluated the effects of 250 ppm QY in the control coccidial infections. The first pen trial measured the effects of 250 ppm QY, both alone and in combination with 66 ppm salinomycin (Sal), in a 2 3 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Two additional 42-day pen studies assessed the effects 250 ppm QY in birds vaccinated for coccidiosis. Data from the three battery trials indicated that at doses of 250 ppm QY or more, weight gain was improved, E. acervulina and E. tenella lesion scores were reduced, and OPG was lowered. In general, OPG was reduced by about 50% across all species by 250 and 300 ppm QY. Results of the pen study indicated that 250 ppm QY and Sal, when fed individually, reduced OPG and lesion scores and improved final performance. However, when QY and Sal were administered concurrently, further significant reductions in OPG occurred. The final performance of broilers vaccinated for coccidiosis was also improved at 250 ppm QY, as was OPG at both 21 and 28 days. Thus, at QY doses of 250 ppm or more, anticoccidial activity was evident but lacked the potency exhibited by many standard anticoccidials. When combined with either Sal or a live coccidiosis vaccine, QY improved the anticoccidial effects and performance of these anticoccidial methods.
进行了一系列研究，以确定源自 Quillaja saponaria 和 Yucca schidigera 植物材料的产品的抗球虫效果。这些植物已知含有高浓度的三萜和甾体皂苷，这些物质已知具有多种生物学作用。进行了涉及单个艾美耳球虫、巨型艾美耳球虫和柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染以及不同水平的 Quillaja/Yucca 组合（QY）（0、200、250 和 300 ppm）的电池测试。体重增加、球虫病变评分和每克粪便中的总卵囊数（OPG）用于评估抗球虫效果。此外，三项地面围栏试验评估了 250 ppm QY 在对照球虫感染中的效果。第一次围栏试验以 2 3 2 析因处理安排单独测量了 250 ppm QY 以及与 66 ppm 盐霉素（Sal）联合使用的效果。另外两项为期 42 天的围栏研究评估了接种球虫疫苗的鸟类中 250 ppm QY 的效果。三项电池试验的数据表明，在 250 ppm QY 或更高剂量下，体重增加得到改善，艾美耳球虫和柔嫩艾美耳球虫病变评分降低，OPG 降低。通常，在所有物种中，250 和 300 ppm QY 将 OPG 降低约 50%。围栏研究的结果表明，250 ppm QY 和 Sal 单独喂食时可降低 OPG 和病变评分并改善最终性能。然而，当 QY 和 Sal 同时给药时，OPG 进一步显著降低。接种球虫疫苗的肉鸡的最终性能也在 250 ppm QY 时得到改善，21 天和 28 天的 OPG 也是如此。因此，在 250 ppm 或更高剂量的 QY 时，抗球虫活性明显，但缺乏许多标准抗球虫药所表现出的效力。当与 Sal 或活球虫疫苗联合使用时，QY 提高了这些抗球虫方法的抗球虫效果和性能。
