Bafundo K W, Gomez L, Lumpkins B, Mathis G F, McNaughton J L, Duerr I
Phibro Animal Health Corp, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA.
Phibro Animal Health Corp, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA.
Poult Sci. 2021 Mar;100(3):100905. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.010. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
A series of studies was conducted to determine the effects of a quillaja and yucca (saponin) combination (QY) product on postvaccination oocyst production, development of coccidial immunity, and final bird performance of broilers administered live coccidiosis vaccines. In all, 3 groups of tests were carried out. Study 1 evaluated the effects of QY (0 and 250 ppm) on oocyst per gram of feces (OPG) following vaccination at day-of-age; OPG were measured from 5 to 12 d postvaccination. Study 2 determined the effects of QY (250 ppm) in the presence of 3 commercial coccidiosis vaccines in floor pens. OPG were measured weekly for birds receiving each vaccine and for each corresponding vaccine group fed QY. To determine whether QY influenced the development of coccidial immunity induced by the 3 vaccines, 5 birds were removed from each pen at 28 d and challenged with pathogenic levels of Eimeria spp. At 6 d post challenge, lesion scores were used to evaluate the effects of QY on immune protection provided by each vaccine. In addition, comparisons of final bird performance were made between birds given each vaccine and their corresponding vaccinates fed QY. Study 3 comprised a meta-analysis of 15 floor pen trials in which 21- and 42-d body weight, feed conversions, and total mortality were compared between coccidiosis-vaccinated broilers and similarly vaccinated broilers fed QY (250 ppm). Results of these experiments indicated that feeding QY to vaccinated broilers did not significantly affect OPG from days 5 through 12 postvaccination (P > 0.05). For each vaccine tested in study 2, OPG values were the highest at 14 and 21 d postvaccination. QY significantly reduced OPG at 14 d postvaccination for 2 of the vaccines tested, and produced a similar effect in 1 vaccine at 21 d postvaccination. The remaining vaccine was not affected by QY in the postvaccination OPG results. Despite these changes in OPG, significant differences in lesion scores following the Eimeria challenge were not observed for any vaccinated groups receiving QY. Irrespective of the vaccine, both interim and final feed conversion values were significantly improved when QY was fed (P < 0.01). Similarly, results of a 15-trial meta-analysis indicated that QY-fed vaccinated broilers had higher body weights, improved feed conversions, and lower mortality than their vaccinated controls. Results show that while QY may induce changes in OPG following vaccination, coccidia-vaccinated broilers fed QY develop immunity equivalent to that of controls and show significant improvements in performance and mortality.
进行了一系列研究，以确定皂树和丝兰（皂苷）组合（QY）产品对接种活球虫病疫苗的肉鸡接种后卵囊产生、球虫免疫力发展以及最终生长性能的影响。总共进行了3组试验。研究1评估了QY（0和250 ppm）对1日龄接种疫苗后每克粪便中卵囊数（OPG）的影响；在接种疫苗后5至12天测量OPG。研究2确定了在地面平养环境中，3种市售球虫病疫苗存在的情况下QY（250 ppm）的影响。每周测量接受每种疫苗的鸡以及每个相应接种QY疫苗组的鸡的OPG。为了确定QY是否影响这3种疫苗诱导的球虫免疫力的发展，在28日龄时从每个鸡舍中取出5只鸡，并用致病性艾美耳球虫进行攻毒。攻毒后6天，使用病变评分来评估QY对每种疫苗提供的免疫保护的影响。此外，还比较了接受每种疫苗的鸡及其相应接种QY疫苗的鸡的最终生长性能。研究3对15个地面平养试验进行了荟萃分析，比较了接种球虫病疫苗的肉鸡和同样接种疫苗但饲喂QY（250 ppm）的肉鸡在21日龄和42日龄时的体重、饲料转化率和总死亡率。这些实验结果表明，给接种疫苗的肉鸡饲喂QY在接种疫苗后5至12天对OPG没有显著影响（P>0.05）。在研究2中测试的每种疫苗中，OPG值在接种疫苗后14天和21天最高。对于所测试的2种疫苗，QY在接种疫苗后14天显著降低了OPG，对于1种疫苗在接种疫苗后21天产生了类似效果。其余疫苗在接种后OPG结果中未受QY影响。尽管OPG有这些变化，但对于任何接受QY的接种疫苗组，在艾美耳球虫攻毒后病变评分没有观察到显著差异。无论使用何种疫苗，饲喂QY时中期和最终饲料转化率值均显著改善（P<0.01）。同样，一项包含15项试验的荟萃分析结果表明，饲喂QY的接种疫苗肉鸡比其接种疫苗的对照鸡体重更高、饲料转化率提高且死亡率更低。结果表明，虽然QY可能在接种疫苗后诱导OPG变化，但饲喂QY的接种球虫病疫苗肉鸡产生的免疫力与对照鸡相当，并且在生长性能和死亡率方面有显著改善。
