Department of Pathobiology and Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849.
Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, East Lansing, MI 48823.
Avian Dis. 2020 Sep 1;64(3):347-351. doi: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-19-00177.
In two independent submissions, a 3-yr-old, dead Bourbon Red turkey tom from a zoo and a Royal Palm turkey hen from a backyard flock were submitted for necropsy. Both birds had been kept together with chickens. Findings of the necropsy of the first turkey were an enlarged and dark liver with many pale white foci and a few small white nodules, pale and enlarged spleen, prominent thymus, mottled and pale kidneys, and pale and enlarged testes. Findings of the necropsy of the second turkey were a dark and mildly enlarged liver and severely enlarged, firm, and pale kidneys. Histopathology revealed infiltration of most organs of both birds with neoplastic lymphocytes, which were uniform in the first turkey and pleomorphic in the second turkey. Immunohistochemistry with a CD3 marker identified the neoplastic lymphocytes as T cells. Marek's disease virus serotype 1 was detected with PCR in the livers of both birds, whereas PCRs for reticuloendotheliosis virus and lymphoproliferative disease virus were negative. Based on these findings, Marek's disease was diagnosed in both turkeys, which is very rare and were the first definitive cases reported in the United States. It is likely that the chickens were the source of infection.
在两份独立的提交材料中，一只来自动物园的 3 岁雄性波旁红火鸡和一只来自后院火鸡群的皇家棕榈火鸡母鸡被提交进行剖检。这两只鸟都与鸡一起饲养。第一只火鸡剖检的发现是肝脏肿大且呈暗褐色，有许多苍白的小白点和几个小的白色结节，脾脏苍白且肿大，胸腺明显，肾脏斑驳且苍白，睾丸苍白且肿大。第二只火鸡剖检的发现是肝脏呈暗褐色且轻度肿大，肾脏严重肿大、坚硬且苍白。组织病理学显示两只鸟的大多数器官都有肿瘤性淋巴细胞浸润，第一只火鸡的淋巴细胞均匀，第二只火鸡的淋巴细胞则多形性。用 CD3 标志物进行免疫组织化学染色鉴定肿瘤性淋巴细胞为 T 细胞。PCR 在两只火鸡的肝脏中检测到了马立克氏病病毒血清型 1，而网状内皮组织增生症病毒和淋巴组织增生性疾病病毒的 PCR 检测结果均为阴性。基于这些发现，两只火鸡均被诊断患有马立克氏病，这非常罕见，也是美国首例确诊病例。很可能鸡是感染源。
