From the, Department of Psychology, (KB), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (YM), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2021 Jan;45(1):38-50. doi: 10.1111/acer.14518. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
Knowledge of how drinking motives are differentially associated with alcohol use (e.g., frequency, quantity) and drinking problems is critical in understanding risky drinking and the development of alcohol use disorder. The purpose of this paper was to use meta-analytic techniques to answer 2 overarching questions: (a) Which types of drinking motives (i.e., enhancement, coping, social, conformity) are most strongly associated with alcohol use and drinking problems? and (b) What are the most likely mechanisms (alcohol use or drinking problems) through which motives may be indirectly associated with outcomes?
A comprehensive literature search identified 229 studies that met inclusion criteria (254 samples; N = 130,705) with a subset containing longitudinal data (k = 5; N = 6283). Data were analyzed using 2-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling.
Results showed that both enhancement and coping motives were the strongest predictors of drinking problems, but only enhancement motives were the strongest predictor of alcohol use. Enhancement and social motives were indirectly associated with alcohol use through drinking problems and with drinking problems through alcohol use, whereas coping motives were only indirectly associated with alcohol use through drinking problems, although the results differed for cross-sectional and longitudinal data.
Overall, findings from this meta-analysis provide evidence that drinking motives differentially predict alcohol use outcomes through unique direct and indirect pathways.
了解饮酒动机如何与饮酒（如频率、数量）和饮酒问题存在差异关联，对于理解危险饮酒和酒精使用障碍的发展至关重要。本文旨在运用元分析技术回答两个首要问题：（a）哪些类型的饮酒动机（即，增进、应对、社交、从众）与饮酒和饮酒问题的关联最强？（b）动机通过哪些可能的机制（饮酒或饮酒问题）与结果间接关联？
全面的文献检索确定了符合纳入标准的 229 项研究（254 个样本；N=130705），其中包含部分纵向数据（k=5；N=6283）。使用两阶段元分析结构方程模型对数据进行分析。
结果表明，增进和应对动机是饮酒问题最强的预测因素，但只有增进动机是饮酒的最强预测因素。增进和社交动机通过饮酒问题与饮酒呈间接关联，通过饮酒与饮酒问题呈间接关联，而应对动机仅通过饮酒问题与饮酒呈间接关联，尽管横断面和纵向数据的结果不同。
总体而言，本元分析的结果提供了证据，表明饮酒动机通过独特的直接和间接途径对饮酒结果存在差异预测。
