Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2020 Nov 11;39:e2019389. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2019389. eCollection 2020.
To carry out a systematic review on the effects of phytosterol supplementation on the treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents.
Review in the SciELO, Lilacs, Bireme, PubMed and Web of Science databases, with no time limit. Descriptors: phytosterols or plant sterols and dyslipidemias, hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol, children, adolescent, in English and Portuguese. The articles included were published in Portuguese, English or Spanish and evaluated the effect of phytosterol supplementation in pediatric patients with dyslipidemia. Documents that involved adults or animals, review papers, case studies and abstracts were excluded. Two authors performed independent extraction of articles. Of 113 abstracts, 19 were read in full and 12 were used in this manuscript.
Phytosterol supplementation to reduce cholesterol levels has been shown to be effective in reducing LDL-cholesterol levels by approximately 10%, with reductions above 10% in LDL-cholesterol levels observed after 8 to 12 weeks of intervention. Studies have not shown significant changes in HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Based on the absence of adverse effects, its use seems to be safe and of good tolerance in children and adolescents.
Phytosterol supplementation seems to be of great therapeutic aid for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Further studies assessing the long-term effect of phytosterol supplementation are necessary.
系统评价植物甾醇补充剂治疗儿童和青少年血脂异常的效果。
在 SciELO、Lilacs、Bireme、PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行综述，无时间限制。检索词：植物甾醇或植物固醇和血脂异常、高胆固醇血症、胆固醇、儿童、青少年，检索语种为英语和葡萄牙语。纳入的文献均为发表在葡萄牙语、英语或西班牙语的评估植物甾醇补充剂对血脂异常儿科患者疗效的研究。排除了涉及成人或动物的、综述类、病例报告类和摘要类文献。两名作者独立提取文献。在 113 篇摘要中，有 19 篇全文阅读，12 篇用于本研究。
植物甾醇补充剂可降低胆固醇水平，降低 LDL-胆固醇水平约 10%，干预 8-12 周后 LDL-胆固醇水平降低超过 10%。研究未显示 HDL-胆固醇和甘油三酯水平有显著变化。基于无不良反应的发生，其在儿童和青少年中的使用似乎安全且耐受良好。
植物甾醇补充剂似乎对儿童和青少年高胆固醇血症的治疗有很大的辅助作用。需要进一步研究来评估植物甾醇补充剂的长期效果。
