Federal Research Center "Institute of Cytology and Genetics", Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine" (SRINM), 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Molecules. 2020 Nov 16;25(22):5339. doi: 10.3390/molecules25225339.
Functional nutrition is a valuable supplementation to dietary therapy. Functional foods are enriched with biologically active substances. Plant polyphenols attract particular attention due to multiple beneficial properties attributed to their high antioxidant and other biological activities. We assessed the effect of grape polyphenols on the life span of C57BL/6 mice and on behavioral and neuroinflammatory alterations in a transgenic mouse model of Parkinson disease (PD) with overexpression of the A53T-mutant human α-synuclein. C57BL/6 mice were given a dietary supplement containing grape polyphenol concentrate (GPC-1.5 mL/kg/day) with drinking water from the age of 6-8 weeks for life. Transgenic PD mice received GPC beginning at the age of 10 weeks for four months. GPC significantly influenced the cumulative proportion of surviving and substantially augmented the average life span in mice. In the transgenic PD model, the grape polyphenol (GP) diet enhanced memory reconsolidation and diminished memory extinction in a passive avoidance test. Behavioral effects of GP treatment were accompanied by a decrease in α-synuclein accumulation in the frontal cortex and a reduction in the expression of neuroinflammatory markers (IBA1 and CD54) in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Thus, a GP-rich diet is recommended as promising functional nutrition for aging people and patients with neurodegenerative disorders.
功能性营养是饮食疗法的有益补充。功能性食品富含具有生物活性的物质。由于其高抗氧化和其他生物活性赋予的多种有益特性，植物多酚引起了特别关注。我们评估了葡萄多酚对 C57BL/6 小鼠寿命的影响，以及对过度表达 A53T 突变人α-突触核蛋白的帕金森病（PD）转基因小鼠模型的行为和神经炎症改变的影响。从 6-8 周龄开始，C57BL/6 小鼠用含葡萄多酚浓缩物（GPC-1.5 mL/kg/天）的饮食补充剂通过饮用水进行终生喂养。转基因 PD 小鼠从 10 周龄开始接受 GPC 治疗四个月。GPC 显著影响存活的累积比例，并显著延长了小鼠的平均寿命。在转基因 PD 模型中，葡萄多酚（GP）饮食增强了被动回避测试中的记忆再巩固，并减少了记忆消退。GP 治疗的行为效应伴随着额叶皮质中α-突触核蛋白积累的减少，以及额叶皮质和海马体中神经炎症标志物（IBA1 和 CD54）表达的减少。因此，富含 GP 的饮食被推荐作为有希望的功能性营养，适用于老年人和神经退行性疾病患者。
