Mulenga James N, Bwalya Bupe B, Mulenga Mulenga C, Mumba Kakoma
Department of Economics, School of Social Science.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Sciences, Engineering and Technology.
J Public Health Afr. 2020 Apr 29;11(1):1084. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2020.1084.
Unmet need for family planning remains a major family planning problem in most countries around the world. It presents serious consequences for the women, their families and society at large. This study was undertaken to establish the factors that affect total unmet needs for family planning and its components in Zambia. This study used the 2013/14 Zambia Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS) dataset focusing on currently married women aged 15 to 49. Data analysis took the form of descriptive, binary logistic and multinomial logistic regressions. The study shows that, although there has been a substantial increase in the use of contraceptives, combined unmet need for family planning has only decreased slightly over time, and currently stand at 21%, made up of 14% limiters and 7% spacers. Various factors were identified as determinants of unmet need for spacing, limiting or total unmet need for family planning. These included age, partner's level of education, contraceptive side effects, husband opposition to contraceptives and number of living children. To enhance utilization, policy should not be blind to the respective factors that influence combined unmet needs for spacing and limiting.
在全球大多数国家，未满足的计划生育需求仍是一个主要的计划生育问题。这给妇女及其家庭乃至整个社会都带来了严重后果。本研究旨在确定影响赞比亚计划生育总体未满足需求及其构成部分的因素。本研究使用了2013/14年赞比亚人口与健康调查（ZDHS）数据集，重点关注15至49岁的已婚妇女。数据分析采用描述性、二元逻辑回归和多项逻辑回归的形式。研究表明，尽管避孕药具的使用有了大幅增加，但计划生育综合未满足需求仅随时间略有下降，目前为21%，其中包括14%的限制生育需求者和7%的延长生育间隔需求者。各种因素被确定为生育间隔未满足需求、限制生育未满足需求或计划生育总体未满足需求的决定因素。这些因素包括年龄、伴侣的教育程度、避孕药具的副作用、丈夫对避孕药具的反对以及存活子女数量。为提高利用率，政策不应忽视影响生育间隔和限制生育综合未满足需求的各自因素。
