Magill H L, Riggs W, Boulden T F, Fitch S J, Meservy C J
Department of Radiology, LeBonheur Children's Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38103.
South Med J. 1987 Dec;80(12):1557-65. doi: 10.1097/00007611-198712000-00017.
Symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in childhood is estimated to occur with a frequency of up to 3% through adolescence. The practitioner caring for children requires both anatomic and physiologic information concerning the urinary tract to assist in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Advances in diagnostic imaging have resulted in numerous methods for evaluation of the urinary system. These procedures differ in the type of information obtained, risk or discomfort to the patient, and cost. Selection of the proper test(s) requires an understanding of these factors. Based on our survey of recent pertinent literature and our clinical experience, we present guidelines for appropriate diagnostic imaging in children with UTI, and we discuss the benefits and limitations of available imaging techniques along with concepts regarding the pathogenesis of UTI and causes of renal damage from UTI.
据估计，儿童期症状性尿路感染（UTI）在青春期前的发生率高达3%。照料儿童的医生需要有关泌尿道的解剖学和生理学信息，以协助诊断、治疗和判断预后。诊断成像技术的进步带来了多种评估泌尿系统的方法。这些检查在获取的信息类型、给患者带来的风险或不适以及成本方面存在差异。选择合适的检查需要了解这些因素。基于我们对近期相关文献的调研以及临床经验，我们提出了针对UTI患儿进行适当诊断成像的指南，并讨论了现有成像技术的优缺点，以及UTI的发病机制和UTI导致肾损伤的原因等概念。
