Maiolino Giuseppe, Bisogni Valeria, Silvani Alessandro, Pengo Martino Francesco, Lombardi Carolina, Parati Gianfranco
Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy.
J Thorac Dis. 2020 Oct;12(Suppl 2):S225-S234. doi: 10.21037/jtd-cus-2020-014.
Hypertension is one of the primary risk factors for heart disease and stroke, the leading causes of death worldwide. Current evidence supports the treatment of high blood pressure (BP) values in order to obtain a substantial reduction of cardiovascular burden. Sleep plays an important role in maintaining nocturnal BP control and nocturnal hypertension which, in turn, can be affected by the presence of sleep disorders. Whilst respiratory disturbances have been extensively studied and their causal role in the development of nocturnal hypertension has been demonstrated in both cross sectional and prospective studies, less is known about the impact of other sleep disorders such as insomnia. In this review, we aim to describe the role of sleep disorders in the development of nocturnal and diurnal hypertension. Furthermore, we aim to discuss the potential impact of the treatment of such sleep disorders on BP values as an adjunct treatment for patients with hypertension.
高血压是心脏病和中风的主要危险因素之一,而心脏病和中风是全球主要的死亡原因。目前的证据支持治疗高血压值,以大幅减轻心血管负担。睡眠在维持夜间血压控制和夜间高血压方面起着重要作用,而夜间高血压又可能受到睡眠障碍的影响。虽然呼吸紊乱已得到广泛研究,并且横断面研究和前瞻性研究均已证明其在夜间高血压发展中的因果作用,但对于失眠等其他睡眠障碍的影响了解较少。在本综述中,我们旨在描述睡眠障碍在夜间和日间高血压发展中的作用。此外,我们旨在讨论治疗此类睡眠障碍对血压值的潜在影响,作为高血压患者的辅助治疗。