Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2020 Nov;79(4):488-499. doi: 10.1007/s00244-020-00785-0. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
Personal care product (PCP) chemicals have a greater chance of accumulation in the aquatic environments because of their volume of use. PCPs are biologically active substances that can exert an adverse effect on the ecology and food safety. Information on the status of these substances in Indian open water ecosystems is scarce. In this paper, we report the incidence of two synthetic antimicrobials, triclosan (TCS), including its metabolite methyl-triclosan (Me-TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) in Torsa, a transboundary river flowing through India. In water TCS and TCC were detected at levels exceeding their respective PNEC (Predictive No Effect Concentration). Both the compounds were found to be bioaccumulative in fish. TCS concentration (91.1-589 µg/kg) in fish was higher than that of TCC (29.1-285.5 µg/kg). The accumulation of residues of the biocides varied widely among fishes of different species, ecological niche, and feeding habits. Me-TCS could be detected in fishes and not in water. The environmental hazard quotient of both TCS and TCC in water indicated a moderate risk. However, the health risk analysis revealed that fishes of the river would not pose any direct hazard to human when consumed. This is the first report of the occurrence of these PCP chemicals in a torrential river system of the eastern Himalayan region.
个人护理产品 (PCP) 化学品由于其使用量巨大，因此更有可能在水生环境中积累。PCPs 是具有生物活性的物质，会对生态和食品安全产生不利影响。关于这些物质在印度开放水域生态系统中的状况的信息很少。在本文中，我们报告了合成抗菌剂三氯生（TCS）及其代谢物甲基三氯生（Me-TCS）和三氯卡班（TCC）在流经印度的跨界河流托萨（Torsa）中的存在情况。在水中检测到 TCS 和 TCC 的水平超过了各自的预测无效应浓度 (PNEC)。这两种化合物都被发现具有生物蓄积性。鱼类中的 TCS 浓度（91.1-589 µg/kg）高于 TCC（29.1-285.5 µg/kg）。不同物种、生态位和摄食习性的鱼类中，杀菌剂残留的积累差异很大。可以在鱼类中检测到 Me-TCS，但在水中没有检测到。水中 TCS 和 TCC 的环境危害商数表明存在中度风险。然而，健康风险分析表明，当食用时，该河流中的鱼类不会对人类造成直接危害。这是在东喜马拉雅地区暴洪河流系统中首次报告这些 PCP 化学品的存在。
