ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500030, India.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Oct;199(10):3817-3824. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02481-5. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
Two experiments were conducted to study the performance, antioxidant activity, and bone mineral variables in broilers fed organic trace minerals (OTM) at lowered concentrations in the diet. In experiment 1, a total of 1500 day-old broiler male chicks were randomly distributed into six groups with 10 replicates of 25 chicks each and housed in floor pens (1.90 × 1.22 m). One group was fed the maize-soybean meal-based control diet, supplemented with inorganic trace mineral (ITM) premix containing Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Se, and Cr at 50, 45, 40, 7.5, 0.30, and 0.25 mg/kg, respectively. The remaining groups of chicks were fed the diets, where the ITM premix was replaced with OTM mix so as to provide the respective minerals at graded levels in the diet (100, 75, 50, 40, and 30% of the control diet). Similarly, in experiment II, a total of 1350 day-old male broiler chicks were divided at random into six groups with 9 replicates of 25 chicks each and fed the maize-soybean meal-based control diet having ITM at levels similar to those of experiment I or the test diets, where the ITM was replaced with OTM so as to provide the minerals at 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20% of the ITM-based control diet. Each diet was fed ad libitum from 0 to 42 days of age. The body weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were not affected by supplementing OTM at 30 and 20% in experiments I and II, respectively. Slaughter variables, activities of glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation and ferric reducing activity in serum were not affected by supplementing OTM at the lowest level of 20% in the diet. Similarly, bone-breaking strength, ash, and Mn contents were not affected by supplementing OTM at 20% of the mineral concentration in control diet containing ITM. Deposition of Ca, P, Cu, and Fe in tibia ash increased with increased concentration of OTM in the diet. However, Zn content in tibia ash reduced with reduction in OTM level in the diet. Based on the results, it is concluded that trace mineral supplementation in organic form even at 20% of the concentration recommended for ITM may be sufficient in maize-soybean meal-based diet to support the optimum growth, bone ash, bone strength, and serum antioxidant status in commercial broilers.
进行了两项实验，以研究在饮食中降低浓度的有机微量矿物质 (OTM) 对肉鸡的性能、抗氧化活性和骨骼矿物质变量的影响。在实验 1 中，将 1500 只 1 日龄雄性肉鸡随机分为 6 组，每组 10 个重复，每个重复 25 只鸡，饲养在地板笼中（1.90×1.22 m）。一组饲喂基于玉米-豆粕的对照日粮，补充含有 Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu、Se 和 Cr 的无机微量矿物质（ITM）预混料，浓度分别为 50、45、40、7.5、0.30 和 0.25 mg/kg。其余组的鸡饲喂日粮，其中 ITM 预混料被 OTM 混合物替代，以便在日粮中以分级水平提供各自的矿物质（对照日粮的 100%、75%、50%、40%和 30%）。同样，在实验 II 中，将 1350 只 1 日龄雄性肉鸡随机分为 6 组，每组 9 个重复，每个重复 25 只鸡，饲喂基于玉米-豆粕的对照日粮，日粮中的 ITM 水平与实验 I 中的 ITM 相似，或测试日粮，其中 ITM 被 OTM 替代，以便在 ITM 基础对照日粮中以 100%、80%、60%、40%和 20%的水平提供矿物质。从 0 到 42 日龄，每组鸡均自由采食。实验 I 和实验 II 中，在日粮中补充 OTM 至 30%和 20%时，体重增加、饲料摄入和饲料效率不受影响。在日粮中最低水平的 20%补充 OTM 时，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性、血清脂质过氧化和铁还原活性以及屠宰变量不受影响。同样，在含有 ITM 的对照日粮中补充 OTM 至 20%时，胫骨破碎强度、灰分和 Mn 含量不受影响。日粮中 OTM 浓度的增加导致胫骨灰分中 Ca、P、Cu 和 Fe 的沉积增加，但胫骨灰分中 Zn 含量随 OTM 水平的降低而降低。基于这些结果，可以得出结论，即使在推荐用于 ITM 的浓度的 20%下以有机形式补充微量元素，对于基于玉米-豆粕的日粮来说，可能足以支持商业肉鸡的最佳生长、骨骼灰分、骨骼强度和血清抗氧化状态。
