Saenger Theresa, Hübner Florian, Lindemann Viktoria, Ganswind Kristina, Humpf Hans-Ulrich
Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 45, Münster, 48149, Germany.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2021 Jan;65(2):e2000781. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000781. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
As orange juice belongs to one of the most consumed juices worldwide, a human study is performed to identify urinary biomarkers for the consumption of orange juice in order to differentiate between low, medium, and high intake.
The 32 study participants abstained from citrus fruits, juices and products thereof, except for one portion of orange juice, for eight days. Throughout the study, spot urine samples are collected and quantitatively analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) regarding their content of several potential biomarkers for orange juice intake after enzymatic treatment with β-glucuronidase. Proline betaine is determined as a long-term biomarker: based on its urinary excretion, orange juice consumption is traceable for at least 72 h after intake. Naringenin and hesperetin are identified as qualitative short-term biomarkers. Synephrine sulfate also showed a fast increase and decrease in a semi-quantitative approach. In the case of phloretin, no correlation between orange juice consumption and the urinary concentration is observed.
Proline betaine is the most promising biomarker for orange juice consumption and allows to differentiate between low, medium, and high intake. Hesperetin and naringenin (as well as synephrine) are applicable as supporting biomarkers, whereas phloretin does not represent a reliable biomarker for orange juice consumption.
由于橙汁是全球消费最多的果汁之一，因此开展了一项人体研究，以确定饮用橙汁后的尿液生物标志物，从而区分低、中、高摄入量。
32名研究参与者在八天内禁食柑橘类水果、果汁及其制品，但可饮用一份橙汁。在整个研究过程中，收集即时尿样，并在用β-葡萄糖醛酸酶进行酶处理后，通过高效液相色谱串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS）对其中几种橙汁摄入潜在生物标志物的含量进行定量分析。脯氨酸甜菜碱被确定为一种长期生物标志物：根据其尿排泄量，摄入橙汁后至少72小时内都可追踪到橙汁的摄入量。柚皮素和橙皮素被确定为定性短期生物标志物。硫酸辛弗林在半定量分析中也显示出快速上升和下降。就根皮素而言，未观察到橙汁摄入量与尿液浓度之间存在相关性。
脯氨酸甜菜碱是最有前景的橙汁消费生物标志物，可区分低、中、高摄入量。橙皮素和柚皮素（以及辛弗林）可用作辅助生物标志物，而根皮素并非橙汁消费的可靠生物标志物。
