Department of Psychobiology and Clinical Psychology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain.
Global Center for Applied Health Research, Arizona State University, Arizona, AZ 85281, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 18;17(22):8539. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228539.
According to the theory of planned behavior (TPB), intentions to perform a specific behavior are the result of attitudes, norms, and perceived control, and in turn, intentions and perceived control are the main predictors of the behavior. This study aimed to test the applicability of TPB in predicting alcohol use in normative pre-adolescents. The sample was composed of 755 Spanish adolescents aged 11 to 15 ( = 12.24; SD = 0.56), 47.1% females, from 12 state secondary schools in Spain. The results of path analysis indicate that positive attitudes towards alcohol, favorable norms towards alcohol, and offer vulnerability (perceived control) are significantly positively related to intentions to use alcohol as well as negatively related to actual behavioral control (i.e., actual strategies to avoid alcohol use). In turn, intentions to use and actual control predict higher alcohol frequency and heavy drinking. Significant indirect effects of these antecedents were found on alcohol outcomes through the mediation of intentions and actual control. The findings suggest that the validity and applicability of the TPB in normative pre-adolescents depend on the severity of alcohol use and point to a need to consider negative social influence in decision making processes in early adolescence.
根据计划行为理论（TPB），执行特定行为的意图是态度、规范和感知控制的结果，而意图和感知控制又是行为的主要预测因素。本研究旨在检验 TPB 在预测规范前青少年饮酒行为中的适用性。样本由来自西班牙 12 所国立中学的 755 名 11 至 15 岁（平均年龄为 12.24；标准差=0.56）的西班牙青少年组成，其中 47.1%为女性。路径分析的结果表明，对酒精的积极态度、对酒精的有利规范以及易感性（感知控制）与饮酒意图呈显著正相关，与实际行为控制（即避免饮酒的实际策略）呈显著负相关。反过来，饮酒意图和实际控制又预测了更高的饮酒频率和重度饮酒。这些前因变量通过意图和实际控制的中介作用对酒精结果产生了显著的间接影响。研究结果表明，TPB 在规范前青少年中的有效性和适用性取决于饮酒的严重程度，并指出在青少年早期的决策过程中需要考虑负面的社会影响。
