Vesel Alenka, Zaplotnik Rok, Primc Gregor, Mozetič Miran
Department of Surface Engineering, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Nov 18;10(11):2286. doi: 10.3390/nano10112286.
Methods for synthesizing nitrogen-doped graphene-like materials have attracted significant attention among the scientific community because of the possible applications of such materials in electrochemical devices such as fuel cells, supercapacitors and batteries, as well as nanoelectronics and sensors. The aim of this paper is to review recent advances in this scientific niche. The most common synthesis technique is nitridization of as-deposited graphene or graphene-containing carbon mesh using a non-equilibrium gaseous plasma containing nitrogen or ammonia. A variety of chemical bonds have been observed, however, it is still a challenge how to ensure preferential formation of graphitic nitrogen, which is supposed to be the most favorable. The nitrogen concentration depends on the processing conditions and is typically few at.%; however, values below 1 and up to 20 at.% have been reported. Often, huge amounts of oxygen are found as well, however, its synergistic influence on N-doped graphene is not reported. The typical plasma treatment time is several minutes. The results reported by different authors are discussed, and future needs in this scientific field are summarized. Some aspects of the characterization of graphene samples with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy are presented as well.
由于氮掺杂类石墨烯材料在诸如燃料电池、超级电容器和电池等电化学装置以及纳米电子学和传感器中的潜在应用，其合成方法已引起科学界的广泛关注。本文旨在综述这一科学领域的最新进展。最常见的合成技术是使用含氮或氨的非平衡气态等离子体对沉积态石墨烯或含石墨烯的碳网进行氮化处理。尽管已观察到多种化学键，但如何确保优先形成最有利的石墨氮仍是一项挑战。氮浓度取决于处理条件，通常为几个原子百分比；然而，也有报道称其值低于1原子百分比且高达20原子百分比。通常还会发现大量的氧，不过尚未报道其对氮掺杂石墨烯的协同影响。典型的等离子体处理时间为几分钟。讨论了不同作者报道的结果，并总结了该科学领域未来的需求。还介绍了用X射线光电子能谱和拉曼光谱表征石墨烯样品的一些方面。
