Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Feb 1;280(Pt B):57-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.056. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Approximately 12% of all women will be affected by Perinatal Depression (PD), a condition associated with an increased risk for low birth weight, preterm birth, preeclampsia, maternal suicide and infanticide. The identification of biomarkers for PD could be useful for early identification and for the development of new treatments. Purpose of the present manuscript is to review the potential epigenetic biomarkers which were associated with PD.
We performed a bibliographic research on PubMed, in order to find studies that proposed epigenetic biomarkers for PD. A total of 9 studies met our inclusion criteria.
Most available data are concordant in showing that women affected by PD have epigenetic alterations versus Healthy Controls (HC), especially with regard to Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis, oxytocin system, inflammatory response, neuronal differentiation and circadian rhythms. PD might be characterized by specific epigenetic changes; however, the available data are preliminary.
Many articles report results obtained on a limited sample size, in different cell types or tissues. Furthermore, sometimes the studies selected a restricted number of genes. As a result, most available data have not been replicated.
Epigenetic changes of different biological systems could be involved in the etiology of PD. However, until now data are too scanty to draw definitive conclusions. Future studies with larger samples can confirm the results and hypothesis presented in this review.
大约 12%的女性会受到围产期抑郁症（PD）的影响，这种疾病与低出生体重、早产、子痫前期、产妇自杀和杀婴的风险增加有关。PD 的生物标志物的鉴定可能有助于早期发现和新疗法的开发。本研究旨在综述与 PD 相关的潜在表观遗传生物标志物。
我们在 PubMed 上进行了文献检索，以寻找提出 PD 表观遗传生物标志物的研究。共有 9 项研究符合我们的纳入标准。
大多数现有数据一致表明，与健康对照组（HC）相比，患有 PD 的女性存在表观遗传改变，尤其是在下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴、催产素系统、炎症反应、神经元分化和昼夜节律方面。PD 可能具有特定的表观遗传变化；然而，现有数据尚属初步。
许多文章报告的结果是基于有限的样本量、不同的细胞类型或组织得出的。此外，有时研究选择了数量有限的基因。因此，大多数现有数据尚未得到复制。
不同生物系统的表观遗传变化可能与 PD 的病因有关。然而，到目前为止，数据还太少，无法得出明确的结论。未来更大样本量的研究可以证实本综述中提出的结果和假设。
