Radosa Julia Caroline, Stotz Lisa, Müller Carolin, Kaya Askin Canguel, Solomayer Erich-Franz, Radosa Marc Philipp
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Bremen-Nord, Bremen, Germany.
Breast Care (Basel). 2020 Oct;15(5):450-469. doi: 10.1159/000511788. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
Breast cancer has traditionally been considered to have a low immunogenic potential compared to other tumor entities.
The most extensively studied immunotherapeutic agents for breast cancer to date are immune checkpoint inhibitors, with the results of the IMpassion130 trial leading to the approval of atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel for first-line treatment of programmed cell death ligand 1-positive, metastatic, triple-negative breast cancer, and studies in earlier stages have yielded promising results. Other immunotherapeutic options being assessed in phases 2 and 3 trials include vaccine-based therapies and treatment with anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (H-directed immune-linked antibodies) and substances evaluated in early clinical trials as cellular therapies (adoptive cell therapy and chimeric antigen receptor T cells).
Immunotherapy is an emerging modality for the treatment of breast cancer, as evidenced by the plethora of preclinical and clinical concepts and ongoing trials. Early studies established the role of immunotherapeutic agents in the metastatic setting. Ongoing studies will expand our knowledge about the timing of administration, best partners for combination therapy, and predictive biomarkers to guide immunotherapy for breast cancer.
传统上认为，与其他肿瘤类型相比，乳腺癌的免疫原性较低。
迄今为止，针对乳腺癌研究最为广泛的免疫治疗药物是免疫检查点抑制剂，IMpassion130试验的结果使得阿特珠单抗联合白蛋白结合型紫杉醇获批用于一线治疗程序性死亡配体1阳性、转移性三阴性乳腺癌，早期阶段的研究也取得了有前景的结果。正在进行的2期和3期试验中评估的其他免疫治疗选择包括基于疫苗的疗法、抗人表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）导向的免疫连接抗体治疗以及在早期临床试验中作为细胞疗法评估的物质（过继性细胞疗法和嵌合抗原受体T细胞）。
免疫疗法是一种新兴的乳腺癌治疗方式，大量临床前和临床概念以及正在进行的试验证明了这一点。早期研究确立了免疫治疗药物在转移性乳腺癌中的作用。正在进行的研究将扩展我们对给药时机、联合治疗的最佳搭档以及指导乳腺癌免疫治疗的预测性生物标志物的认识。
