Division of Neonatology, Dr. Behçet Uz Child Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Health Science University, Izmir, Turkey.
Division of Stem Cell, Aegean University School of Health Sciences Institute, Izmir, Turkey.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Nov;35(22):4398-4403. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1849125. Epub 2020 Nov 22.
We aimed to compare the clinical features, laboratory findings and primary outcomes of the neonates with RSV and neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infections.
This nested case-control study included the neonates who were administered in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the University of Health Sciences, Dr Behçet Uz Children's Hospital during the period of 01 March-30 April 2020. Respiratory PCR samples and COVID-19 samples were taken simultaneously. Only RSV positive and COVID-19 positive infants were compared. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical data were obtained from hospital electronic information system medical records. The chest radiographs at the admission were evaluated by using standard definitions for normal chest X-ray, atelectasis, bronchopenumonia, peribronchial thickening and hyperinflation in various lung volumes.
A total of 30 infants were enrolled in the study and RSV was identified in 20/30 infants (66%). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of general characteristics. Comparing to the infants with Covid-19 infections, infants with RSV infections had significantly higher rates of having oxygen support ( = .03). Total NICU duration time was 6.7 ± 1.6 days in COVID positive group and 11.1 ± 5.1 days in the RSV group ( = .01). Infants with COVID-19 had more normal chest X-rays. Infants with RSV-positive had a significantly higher proportion of atelectasis than those with COVID-19 infants ( = .04).
This is the first study that compares RSV infection and COVID-19 infection. RSV infection can be more serious in the neonatal period. In cases with suspected COVID-19 infection, it should be kept in mind if atelectasis is seen on chest radiography. Respiratory failure may be more serious in RSV positive infants and RSV infection may be more dangerous for the neonatal period.
比较呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）感染新生儿的临床特征、实验室检查结果和主要结局。
本巢式病例对照研究纳入 2020 年 3 月 1 日至 4 月 30 日期间在健康科学大学、贝赫切特·乌兹儿童医院新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）接受治疗的新生儿。同时采集呼吸道 PCR 样本和 COVID-19 样本。仅比较 RSV 阳性和 COVID-19 阳性的婴儿。从医院电子信息系统病历中获取人口统计学、流行病学和临床数据。采用标准定义评估入院时的胸部 X 线片，包括正常胸片、肺不张、支气管肺炎、细支气管周围增厚和不同肺容积下的过度充气。
共有 30 例婴儿入组研究，其中 20/30 例（66%）为 RSV 阳性。两组一般特征无显著差异。与 COVID-19 感染的婴儿相比，RSV 感染的婴儿接受氧支持的比例显著更高（ = .03）。COVID 阳性组的 NICU 总持续时间为 6.7±1.6 天，RSV 组为 11.1±5.1 天（ = .01）。COVID-19 阳性婴儿的胸部 X 射线更接近正常。与 COVID-19 婴儿相比，RSV 阳性婴儿的肺不张比例显著更高（ = .04）。
这是第一项比较 RSV 感染和 COVID-19 感染的研究。RSV 感染在新生儿期可能更为严重。在疑似 COVID-19 感染的情况下，如果胸部 X 射线显示肺不张，应予以注意。RSV 阳性婴儿的呼吸衰竭可能更为严重，RSV 感染对新生儿期可能更为危险。
