Laboratory of Virology, Post-Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil.
Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhão-LACEN-MA, Osvaldo Cruz Institute, São Luís, MA 65020-904, Brazil.
Viruses. 2023 May 31;15(6):1306. doi: 10.3390/v15061306.
Although fewer children have been affected by the severe form of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) continues to be the leading global cause of child hospitalizations and deaths.
This study investigated the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as well its subtypes (RSV A and B), adenovirus (ADV), rhinovirus (HRV), metapneumovirus (HMPV), coronavirus (NL63, OC43, 229E and HKU1), parainfluenza virus subtypes (PI1, PI2 and PI3), bocavirus and influenza A and B viruses (FluA and FluB) in children diagnosed with CAP during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A total of 200 children with clinically confirmed CAP were initially recruited, of whom 107 had negative qPCR results for SARS-CoV-2 and were included in this study. Viral subtypes were identified using a real-time polymerase chain reaction in the nasopharyngeal swab samples.
Viruses were identified in 69.2% of the patients. RSV infections were the most frequently identified (65.4%), with type RSV B being the most prevalent (63.5%). In addition, HCoV 229E and HRV were detected in 6.5% and 3.7% of the patients, respectively. RSV type B was associated with severe acute respiratory infection (ARI) and a younger age (less than 24 months).
New strategies for preventing and treating viral respiratory infections, particularly RSV infections, are necessary.
尽管较少儿童受到 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）严重形式的影响，但社区获得性肺炎（CAP）仍然是导致儿童住院和死亡的主要全球原因。
本研究调查了呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）及其亚型（RSV A 和 B）、腺病毒（ADV）、鼻病毒（HRV）、人偏肺病毒（HMPV）、冠状病毒（NL63、OC43、229E 和 HKU1）、副流感病毒亚型（PI1、PI2 和 PI3）、博卡病毒和甲型和乙型流感病毒（FluA 和 FluB）在 COVID-19 大流行期间被诊断为 CAP 的儿童中的发病率。
共招募了 200 名临床确诊为 CAP 的儿童，其中 107 名 SARS-CoV-2 的 qPCR 结果为阴性，并纳入本研究。使用鼻咽拭子样本中的实时聚合酶链反应鉴定病毒亚型。
在 69.2%的患者中鉴定出了病毒。RSV 感染最为常见（65.4%），其中 RSV B 型最为常见（63.5%）。此外，HCoV 229E 和 HRV 在 6.5%和 3.7%的患者中分别被检测到。RSV B 型与严重急性呼吸道感染（ARI）和年龄较小（小于 24 个月）有关。
需要制定预防和治疗病毒性呼吸道感染的新策略，特别是 RSV 感染。
