Department of Anesthesiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan.
J Anesth. 2021 Jun;35(3):384-389. doi: 10.1007/s00540-020-02879-4. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is highly contagious. To protect healthcare workers from infection during airway management, some expert recommendations and guidelines recommended wearing P2/N95 masks, goggles or glasses, glove, face-shields, and gowns as standard personal protective equipment (PPE). Nevertheless, several simulation studies have suggested that the standard PPE may not fully protect healthcare workers. Dr. Hsien Yung Lai introduced an acrylic box ("aerosol box") as a part of PPE during airway management. Since then, several companies and healthcare workers have made their own modified devices ("aerosol containment device"), and the use of such a device has spread worldwide, without being formally assessed for its effectiveness, efficacy and safety. Several simulation studies have indicated that "aerosol containment device" would make tracheal intubation more difficult. In addition, the device would prevent the spread of droplets from a patient, but may increase the risk of healthcare workers being exposed to a higher concentration of viral aerosols. Therefore, the current state of knowledge indicates that an "aerosol containment device" without vacuum mechanism has only limited efficacy in protecting healthcare workers from viral transmission.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）可引起 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19），其具有很强的传染性。为保护医护人员在气道管理期间免受感染，一些专家建议和指南推荐将 P2/N95 口罩、护目镜或眼镜、手套、面罩和长袍作为标准个人防护设备（PPE）。然而，几项模拟研究表明，标准 PPE 可能无法为医护人员提供充分保护。赖贤义博士在气道管理期间引入了一个亚克力盒（“气溶胶盒”）作为 PPE 的一部分。此后，几家公司和医护人员制造了自己的改良设备（“气溶胶容器设备”），并且该设备在全球范围内得到了广泛使用，但其有效性、功效和安全性尚未经过正式评估。几项模拟研究表明，“气溶胶容器设备”会使气管插管更加困难。此外，该设备可以阻止患者飞沫的传播，但可能会增加医护人员接触高浓度病毒气溶胶的风险。因此，目前的知识状况表明，没有真空机制的“气溶胶容器设备”在保护医护人员免受病毒传播方面仅具有有限的功效。
