Mesaros Oana, Jimbu Laura, Neaga Alexandra, Popescu Cristian, Berceanu Iulia, Tomuleasa Ciprian, Fetica Bogdan, Zdrenghea Mihnea
Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Biomedicines. 2020 Nov 19;8(11):516. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8110516.
Macrophages are terminally differentiated innate immune cells. Through their activation, they can be polarized towards the pro-inflammatory M1 type or the wound healing-associated, anti-inflammatory M2 type macrophages. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), M2 is the dominant phenotype and these cells are referred to as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs secrete cytokines and chemokines, exerting an antiapoptotic, proliferative and pro-metastatic effect on the tumor cells. TAMs can be found in many cancers, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), where they are called nurse-like cells (NLCs). Despite the generally indolent behavior of CLL, the proportion of treatment-refractory patients is significant. As with the majority of cancers, despite significant recent progress, CLL pathogenesis is poorly understood. The emerging role of the TME in nurturing the neoplastic process warrants the investigation of macrophages as a significant pathogenetic element of tumors. In this paper, we review the current knowledge on the role of stromal macrophages in CLL.
巨噬细胞是终末分化的固有免疫细胞。通过激活，它们可极化为促炎性M1型或与伤口愈合相关的抗炎性M2型巨噬细胞。在肿瘤微环境（TME）中，M2是主要表型，这些细胞被称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）。TAM分泌细胞因子和趋化因子，对肿瘤细胞发挥抗凋亡、增殖和促转移作用。TAM可见于多种癌症，包括慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL），在CLL中它们被称为类成纤维细胞（NLC）。尽管CLL通常进展缓慢，但治疗难治性患者的比例相当可观。与大多数癌症一样，尽管最近取得了重大进展，但CLL的发病机制仍知之甚少。TME在肿瘤发生过程中的新作用使得巨噬细胞作为肿瘤重要发病因素的研究成为必要。在本文中，我们综述了关于基质巨噬细胞在CLL中作用的当前知识。
