抑郁症状与大学生自评健康之间的关联：法国和日本的横断面研究。
The association between depressive symptoms and self-rated health among university students: a cross-sectional study in France and Japan.
机构信息
Department of Preventive Services, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
Team HEALTHY, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Nov 23;20(1):549. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02948-8.
BACKGROUND
Depressive disorders in University students have risen dramatically in the past few decades to the extent that students' mental health has become a current global public health priority. Obtaining information from University students about their mental health is challenging because of potential embarrassment of disclosing one's concerns and fear of stigmatization. Self-rated health might be a good solution to evaluate mental health state by a simple and neutral indicator. The aim of the study is to investigate the association between depressive symptoms and self-rated health by sex among University students in France and Japan.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted by using two large cohorts of students aged ≥18 years (n = 5655 in Bordeaux, France and n = 17,148 in Kyoto, Japan). Depressive symptoms (PHQ-2 scale), Likert scale of self-rated health, socio-demographic characteristics and health habits were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to describe the association between depressive symptoms and other variables including self-rated health, stratified by sex.
RESULTS
A high score of PHQ-2 (high depressive symptoms) was associated with poor self-rated health in both cohorts independently of all other variables (OR 2.82, 95%CI 1.99-4.01 in France, OR 7.10, 95%CI 5.76-8.74 in Japan). Although the prevalence of depressive symptoms between sexes was different in French students (males 15.4%, females 25.0%, p < 0.001), it was similar in Japanese students (males 3.5%, females 3.3%, p = 0.466), who reported less depressive symptoms than French students. The association between depressive symptoms and poor self-rated health was greater in Japanese females (OR 12.40, 95%CI 7.74-20.00) than in males (OR 6.30, 95%CI 4.99-7.95), whereas the strength of the association was almost similar in French students (OR 2.17, 95%CI 0.86-5.47 in males, OR 2.98, 95%CI 2.03-4.38 in females).
CONCLUSIONS
Depressive symptoms were associated with self-rated health among University students in both countries with slightly differences in sex. Self-rated health would be a simple, reliable and universal indicator for healthcare professionals and University staff to identify students at risk of depression.
背景
在过去的几十年中，大学生中的抑郁障碍显著增加，以至于学生的心理健康已成为当前全球公共卫生的重点。由于担心透露自己的问题和担心被污名化，从大学生那里获取有关其心理健康的信息具有挑战性。自我评估的健康状况可能是通过简单而中立的指标来评估心理健康状况的好方法。本研究的目的是调查法国和日本大学生中抑郁症状与自我评估健康状况之间的关联，并按性别进行分层。
方法
通过使用两个年龄在 18 岁及以上的大型学生队列（法国波尔多队列 n = 5655 人，日本京都队列 n = 17148 人）进行横断面研究。通过自我管理问卷收集抑郁症状（PHQ-2 量表）、自我评估健康的李克特量表、社会人口统计学特征和健康习惯。使用多变量逻辑回归模型描述抑郁症状与包括自我评估健康状况在内的其他变量之间的关联，按性别分层。
结果
在两个队列中，高 PHQ-2 评分（高抑郁症状）与所有其他变量独立相关，均与自我评估健康状况不佳相关（法国队列中 OR 2.82，95%CI 1.99-4.01，日本队列中 OR 7.10，95%CI 5.76-8.74）。尽管法国学生的性别间抑郁症状患病率不同（男性 15.4%，女性 25.0%，p < 0.001），但日本学生的患病率相似（男性 3.5%，女性 3.3%，p = 0.466），报告的抑郁症状少于法国学生。日本女性（OR 12.40，95%CI 7.74-20.00）中抑郁症状与自我评估健康状况不佳之间的关联大于男性（OR 6.30，95%CI 4.99-7.95），而法国学生中的关联强度则几乎相似（男性 OR 2.17，95%CI 0.86-5.47，女性 OR 2.98，95%CI 2.03-4.38）。
结论
在这两个国家的大学生中，抑郁症状与自我评估的健康状况相关，性别之间存在细微差异。自我评估的健康状况将是医疗保健专业人员和大学工作人员识别有抑郁风险的学生的一种简单、可靠和通用的指标。
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