Department of Psychiatry.
Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2018 Oct;127(7):623-638. doi: 10.1037/abn0000362. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
Increasingly, colleges across the world are contending with rising rates of mental disorders, and in many cases, the demand for services on campus far exceeds the available resources. The present study reports initial results from the first stage of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student project, in which a series of surveys in 19 colleges across 8 countries (Australia, Belgium, Germany, Mexico, Northern Ireland, South Africa, Spain, United States) were carried out with the aim of estimating prevalence and basic sociodemographic correlates of common mental disorders among first-year college students. Web-based self-report questionnaires administered to incoming first-year students (45.5% pooled response rate) screened for six common lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders: major depression, mania/hypomania, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. We focus on the 13,984 respondents who were full-time students: 35% of whom screened positive for at least one of the common lifetime disorders assessed and 31% screened positive for at least one 12-month disorder. Syndromes typically had onsets in early to middle adolescence and persisted into the year of the survey. Although relatively modest, the strongest correlates of screening positive were older age, female sex, unmarried-deceased parents, no religious affiliation, nonheterosexual identification and behavior, low secondary school ranking, and extrinsic motivation for college enrollment. The weakness of these associations means that the syndromes considered are widely distributed with respect to these variables in the student population. Although the extent to which cost-effective treatment would reduce these risks is unclear, the high level of need for mental health services implied by these results represents a major challenge to institutions of higher education and governments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
越来越多的世界各地的高校都面临着精神障碍发病率上升的问题，在许多情况下，校园服务的需求远远超过了可用资源。本研究报告了世界卫生组织国际大学生心理健康项目第一阶段的初步结果，该项目在 8 个国家的 19 所高校进行了一系列调查，旨在估计一年级大学生常见精神障碍的患病率和基本社会人口学相关性。对即将入学的一年级学生进行了基于网络的自我报告问卷调查（综合应答率为 45.5%），对六种常见的终身和 12 个月 DSM-IV 精神障碍进行了筛查：重性抑郁、躁狂/轻躁狂、广泛性焦虑障碍、惊恐障碍、酒精使用障碍和物质使用障碍。我们关注的是 13984 名全日制学生：其中 35%的人至少有一种评估的常见终身障碍呈阳性，31%的人至少有一种 12 个月的障碍呈阳性。这些综合征通常在青少年早期至中期开始，并持续到调查年度。尽管相对较小，但筛查呈阳性的最强相关因素是年龄较大、女性、未婚已故父母、无宗教信仰、非异性恋认同和行为、中学排名较低以及上大学的外在动机。这些关联的薄弱意味着，在学生群体中，考虑到这些变量，这些综合征分布广泛。尽管尚不清楚成本效益高的治疗方法会在多大程度上降低这些风险，但这些结果所暗示的对心理健康服务的高度需求，对高等教育机构和政府来说都是一个重大挑战。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2018 APA，保留所有权利）。
