Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2021 Jun;18(3):369-376. doi: 10.1007/s13770-020-00314-z. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
Tissue decellularization has evolved as a promising approach for tissue engineering applications.
In this study, we harvested fascial tissue from porcine anterior abdominal wall and the samples were decellularized with a combination of agents such as Triton X-100, trypsin and DNAase. Afterwards, we evaluated cell removal by histological analysis and DNA quantification. Mechanical functionality was evaluated by applying a range of hydrostatic pressures. A sample of decellularized fascia was transplanted into a rabbit and after 15 days a biopsy of this tissue was examined; the animal was observed during 6 months after surgery.
The extracellular matrix was retained with a complete decellularization as evidenced by histologic examination. The DNA content was significantly reduced. The scaffold preserved its tensile mechanical properties. The graft was incorporated into a full thickness defect made in the rabbit abdominal wall. This tissue was infiltrated by granulation and inflammatory cells and the histologic structure was preserved 15 days after surgery. The animal did not develop hernias, infections or other complications, after a 6-months of follow up.
The protocol of decellularization of fascial tissue employed in this study proved to be efficient. The mechanical test demonstrated that the samples were not damaged and maintained its physical characteristics; clinical evolution of the rabbit, recipient of the decellularized fascia, demonstrated that the graft was effective as a replacement of native tissue.In conclusion, a biological scaffold derived from porcine fascial tissue may be a suitable candidate for tissue engineering applications.
组织脱细胞技术已发展成为组织工程应用的一种有前途的方法。
本研究中，我们从猪前腹壁采集筋膜组织，并使用 Triton X-100、胰蛋白酶和 DNA 酶等组合试剂对样本进行脱细胞处理。然后，通过组织学分析和 DNA 定量评估细胞去除情况。通过施加一系列静水压力评估机械功能。将脱细胞筋膜样本移植到兔子体内，15 天后对该组织进行活检；术后对动物进行 6 个月的观察。
组织学检查显示，细胞外基质得以保留，实现了完全脱细胞化。DNA 含量显著降低。支架保留了其拉伸机械性能。移植物被植入兔腹壁的全层缺损中。该组织被肉芽组织和炎症细胞浸润，术后 15 天保留了组织学结构。在 6 个月的随访中，动物未出现疝气、感染或其他并发症。
本研究中采用的筋膜组织脱细胞化方案被证明是有效的。力学测试表明样本未受损并保持其物理特性；接受脱细胞筋膜的兔子的临床演变表明，移植物作为替代原生组织是有效的。总之，源自猪筋膜组织的生物支架可能是组织工程应用的合适候选物。
