Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Semin Reprod Med. 2020 May;38(2-03):216-226. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1718740. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
Imaging of endometriosis and in particular deep endometriosis (DE) is crucial in the clinical management of women facing this debilitating condition. Transvaginal sonography (TVS) is the first-line imaging method and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may provide supplemental information. However, the delay in diagnosis of up to 10 years and more is of concern. This problem might be overcome by simple steps using imaging with emphasis on TVS and referral to tertiary care. Finally, TVS is crucial in mapping extent and location of disease in planning surgical therapy and counseling women regarding various therapeutic options. This review presents the available data on imaging of endometriosis with a focus on TVS and MRI for DE, adenomyosis, and ovarian endometriomas including endometriomas in pregnancy as well as the use of "soft markers." The review presents an approach that is in accordance with the International Deep Endometriosis Analysis (IDEA) group consensus statement.
子宫内膜异位症的影像学检查，尤其是深部子宫内膜异位症（DE）的影像学检查，对于患有这种使人衰弱的疾病的女性的临床管理至关重要。经阴道超声（TVS）是一线影像学检查方法，磁共振成像（MRI）可能提供补充信息。然而，长达 10 年甚至更长时间的诊断延迟令人担忧。通过强调 TVS 的影像学检查并转诊至三级护理，可以简单地克服这一问题。最后，TVS 在规划手术治疗和就各种治疗选择向女性提供咨询时，对于确定疾病的范围和位置非常重要。本综述介绍了子宫内膜异位症影像学检查的现有数据，重点介绍了 TVS 和 MRI 对深部子宫内膜异位症、子宫腺肌病和卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿（包括妊娠期间的卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿）以及“软标记”的应用。本综述提出了一种符合国际深部子宫内膜异位症分析（IDEA）组共识声明的方法。
