University of Southern California, Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, 1149 Hill St Suite #1422, Los Angeles, CA 90015, United States of America.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux 78180, France; Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Schizophr Res. 2021 Feb;228:541-546. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.11.033. Epub 2020 Nov 22.
Black Americans face significant discrimination, which has been linked to risk for psychotic experiences. However, fewer studies have examined whether perceived skin tone discrimination is associated with psychotic experiences.
Drawing data from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL), we used multivariable logistic regression to examine the associations between perceived skin tone discrimination (from Blacks and Whites) and psychotic experiences, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, common mental disorders, and major discriminatory events.
In bivariate regression models, a one-unit increase in frequency of perceived skin tone discrimination from Blacks was associated with a 24% increase in odds of having any lifetime psychotic experience (AOR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.11-1.38). A one-unit increase in frequency of perceived skin tone discrimination from Whites was associated with an 18% increase in odds of having any lifetime psychotic experience (AOR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03-1.34). When examining perceived skin tone discrimination from Blacks and Whites in the same models, only perceived skin tone discrimination from Blacks was significantly associated with lifetime psychotic experiences, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, common metal disorders, and major discriminatory events. Perceived skin tone discrimination was associated with lifetime hallucinatory experiences, but not lifetime delusional ideation.
A significant portion of the Black population reported skin tone discrimination from Blacks and Whites, which is related to lifetime psychotic experiences. Future longitudinal and qualitative studies can elaborate on these findings and further contextualize skin tone discrimination and its health effects.
美国黑人面临着严重的歧视，这与出现精神病体验的风险有关。然而，较少的研究调查了感知肤色歧视是否与精神病体验有关。
我们从全国生活调查（NSAL）中提取数据，使用多变量逻辑回归来检查感知肤色歧视（来自黑人及白人）与精神病体验之间的关联，同时调整了社会人口统计学协变量、常见精神障碍和主要歧视事件。
在二元回归模型中，感知到的来自黑人的肤色歧视频率增加一个单位，出现任何终生精神病体验的几率增加 24%（优势比：1.24；95%置信区间：1.11-1.38）。感知到的来自白人的肤色歧视频率增加一个单位，出现任何终生精神病体验的几率增加 18%（优势比：1.18；95%置信区间：1.03-1.34）。当在相同的模型中检查来自黑人及白人的感知肤色歧视时，只有来自黑人的感知肤色歧视与终生精神病体验显著相关，调整了社会人口统计学特征、常见金属障碍和主要歧视事件。感知肤色歧视与终生幻觉体验有关，但与终生妄想观念无关。
相当一部分黑人报告了来自黑人及白人的肤色歧视，这与终生精神病体验有关。未来的纵向和定性研究可以详细说明这些发现，并进一步将肤色歧视及其健康影响置于背景中。
