Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2020 Nov;293:113372. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113372. Epub 2020 Aug 12.
Urban upbringing has been associated with greater risk for psychotic experiences, though research is needed to confirm whether this is true in the U.S., and whether the association depends on race, type of experience, and region of the country. We analyzed data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (White respondents only) and the National Survey of American Life (Black respondents). Multivariable logistic regression models found that urban upbringing was not significantly associated with lifetime psychotic experiences for Whites, but was significantly associated with lower odds for Blacks, adjusting for socio-demographic covariates and common mental disorders. Rural upbringing was associated with greater odds of lifetime auditory hallucinatory experiences for Blacks. Exploratory analyses suggested growing up in a large city or 'other' environment were associated with greater odds of lifetime psychotic experiences among Whites currently residing in the Northeast, but lower odds among Whites residing in the South. For Blacks currently residing in the West, rural upbringing was associated with significantly greater odds of lifetime psychotic experiences when compared with growing up in a large city. White and Blacks may have different lived experiences in urban and rural settings, calling for more race- and location- specific research to explain these diverging patterns.
城市教养与精神病体验的风险增加有关，但需要研究来确认这在美国是否成立，以及这种关联是否取决于种族、体验类型和国家地区。我们分析了全国共病调查复制（仅限白人受访者）和美国生活全国调查（黑人受访者）的数据。多变量逻辑回归模型发现，城市教养与白人的终身精神病体验并无显著关联，但与黑人的较低几率显著相关，调整了社会人口统计学协变量和常见精神障碍。农村教养与黑人的终身听觉幻觉体验几率增加有关。探索性分析表明，对于目前居住在东北部的白人，在大城市或“其他”环境中长大与终身精神病体验几率增加有关，但对于居住在南部的白人，几率降低。对于目前居住在西部的黑人，与在大城市长大相比，农村教养与更高的终身精神病体验几率显著相关。白人和黑人在城市和农村环境中可能有不同的生活体验，需要更多针对种族和地点的研究来解释这些不同的模式。
