Syed Mohamed A, Alnuaimi Ahmed S, Zainel Abdul Jaleel, A/Qotba Hamda A
Directorate of Clinical Affairs, Department of Clinical Research, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
BMJ Nutr Prev Health. 2019 May 17;2(1):20-29. doi: 10.1136/bmjnph-2018-000014. eCollection 2019.
In Qatar, as with other countries, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been the leading cause of death. This study aims to describe the prevalence of four NCDs clusters (cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease), cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM)) by age, gender and nationality (Qataris and non-Qataris) accessing publicly funded primary care services to inform healthcare planning and strategies.
Cross-sectional study design was used. Data for individuals aged ≥18 and who visited a publicly funded primary health centre in Qatar during 2017 were extracted from electronic medical records and analysed.
The findings showed that approximately 16.2 % of the study population (N = 68 421) had one or more of the four NCDs. The prevalence of NCDs showed an increasing trend with increasing age. Highest increases in the prevalence of NCDs were seen in a relatively young age group (30-49 years). The prevalence of all NCDs except cancers was higher in men. Prevalence rates of CHD and cancers in the study were found to be similar in both Qataris and non-Qataris; however, COPD and T2DM rates were higher in Qataris compared with non-Qataris. T2DM accounted for the highest prevalence of any NCD among both Qataris (230/1000) and non-Qataris (183/1000).
Although not comprehensive and nationally representative, this study is suggestive of a higher prevalence of NCDs among a younger population, men and in Qatari, Western Asian, Southern Asian, Sub-Saharan Africans, South-Eastern Asians Northern African and Western European nationalities. Prevention, treatment and control of NCDs and their risk factors are a public health problem in Qatar, and resources need to be invested towards targeted interventions with a multisectoral approach.
与其他国家一样，在卡塔尔，非传染性疾病（NCDs）一直是主要死因。本研究旨在按年龄、性别和国籍（卡塔尔人和非卡塔尔人）描述四类非传染性疾病集群（心血管疾病（冠心病、中风和外周血管疾病）、癌症、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和2型糖尿病（T2DM））的患病率，为医疗保健规划和策略提供信息。
采用横断面研究设计。从电子病历中提取并分析了2017年期间访问卡塔尔公共资助初级卫生中心的18岁及以上个体的数据。
研究结果显示，约16.2%的研究人群（N = 68421）患有一种或多种这四类非传染性疾病。非传染性疾病的患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势。在相对年轻的年龄组（30 - 49岁）中，非传染性疾病患病率增幅最大。除癌症外，所有非传染性疾病的患病率男性均高于女性。研究发现，卡塔尔人和非卡塔尔人冠心病和癌症的患病率相似；然而，卡塔尔人慢性阻塞性肺疾病和2型糖尿病的患病率高于非卡塔尔人。2型糖尿病在卡塔尔人（230/1000）和非卡塔尔人（183/1000）中都是所有非传染性疾病中患病率最高的。
尽管本研究不全面且缺乏全国代表性，但提示在年轻人群、男性以及卡塔尔人、西亚人、南亚人、撒哈拉以南非洲人、东南亚人、北非人和西欧国籍人群中非传染性疾病患病率较高。非传染性疾病及其危险因素的预防、治疗和控制是卡塔尔的一个公共卫生问题，需要投入资源采取多部门方法进行有针对性的干预。
