埃塞俄比亚西北部非传染性疾病的患病率：达巴特健康与人口监测系统调查
The prevalence of non-communicable diseases in northwest Ethiopia: survey of Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System.
作者信息
Abebe Solomon Mekonnen, Andargie Gashaw, Shimeka Alemayehu, Alemu Kassahun, Kebede Yigzaw, Wubeshet Mamo, Tariku Amare, Gebeyehu Abebaw, Bayisa Mulugeta, Yitayal Mezgebu, Awoke Tadesse, Azmeraw Temesgen, Birku Melkamu
机构信息
Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Service Management and Health Economics, Institute of Public Health College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2017 Oct 22;7(10):e015496. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015496.
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of this study was to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) at the Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System (DHDSS) site in the northwestern part of Ethiopia.
DESIGN
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2014.
SETTING
HDSS site, Ethiopia.
PARTICIPANTS
A total population of 67 397 living in 16 053 households was included in the study.
MEASURES
Structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Self-reported morbidity was used to ascertain NCD. A binary logistic regression model was employed to identify the determinants of NCDs.
RESULT
One thousand one hundred sixty (1.7%) (95% CI 1.62 to 1.82) participants were found with at least one type of NCD. Heart disease and hypertension which accounted for 404 (32.2%) and 401 (31.9%), of the burden, respectively, were the most commonly reported NCDs, followed by 347 (27.7%) asthma, 62 (4.9%) diabetes mellitus and 40 (3.2%) cancer cases. Advanced age (≥65 year) (adjusted OR (AOR)=19.6; 95% CI 5.83 65.70), urban residence (AOR=2.20; 95% CI 1.83 to 2.65), household food insecurity (AOR=1.71; 95% CI 1.37 to 2.12) and high income (AOR=1.28; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.59) were significantly associated with the reported history of NCDs, whereas low (AOR=0.36; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.42) and moderate (AOR=0.33; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.48) alcohol consumption, farming occupation (AOR=0.72; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.91), and work-related physical activities (AOR=0.66; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.88) were inversely associated with NCDs.
CONCLUSION
There is a high burden of NCDs at the Dabat HDSS site. Promotion of regular physical exercise and reducing alcohol consumption are essential to mitigate the burden of NCDs. In addition, preventive interventions of NCDs should be strengthened among urban dwellers, older age people and people of higher economic status.
目的
本研究的主要目的是调查埃塞俄比亚西北部达巴特卫生与人口监测系统（DHDSS）站点非传染性慢性病（NCDs）的患病程度及相关因素。
设计
2014年10月至12月进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究。
地点
埃塞俄比亚的HDSS站点。
参与者
研究纳入了居住在16053户家庭中的67397人。
测量方法
采用结构化访谈问卷收集数据。通过自我报告的发病率来确定非传染性慢性病。采用二元逻辑回归模型确定非传染性慢性病的决定因素。
结果
发现1160名（1.7%）（95%置信区间1.62至1.82）参与者至少患有一种非传染性慢性病。心脏病和高血压分别占负担的404例（32.2%）和401例（31.9%），是报告最多的非传染性慢性病，其次是347例（27.7%）哮喘、62例（4.9%）糖尿病和40例（3.2%）癌症病例。高龄（≥65岁）（调整后比值比（AOR）=19.6；95%置信区间5.83至65.70）、城市居住（AOR=2.20；95%置信区间1.83至2.65）、家庭粮食不安全（AOR=1.71；95%置信区间1.37至2.1）和高收入（AOR=1.28；95%置信区间1.02至1.59）与报告的非传染性慢性病病史显著相关，而低（AOR=0.36；95%置信区间0.31至0.42）和中度（AOR=0.33；95%置信区间0.22至0.48）饮酒、农业职业（AOR=0.72；95%置信区间0.57至0.91）和与工作相关的体力活动（AOR=0.66；95%置信区间0.50至0.88）与非传染性慢性病呈负相关。
结论
达巴特HDSS站点非传染性慢性病负担较高。促进定期体育锻炼和减少饮酒对于减轻非传染性慢性病负担至关重要。此外，应加强对城市居民、老年人和经济地位较高人群的非传染性慢性病预防干预。
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