School of Humanities, University of Nahavand, Hamedan, Iran.
School of Sport Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran.
J Athl Train. 2021 Aug 1;56(8):902-911. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0214.20.
Considering current models that highlight the role of psychological components in pain management, mindfulness practice may be an effective strategy in the management of pain.
To examine the effects of adding an 8-week mindfulness program to exercise therapy on the perceptions of pain severity, knee function, fear of movement, and pain catastrophizing of female recreational runners with patellofemoral pain (PFP).
Randomized controlled clinical trial.
University laboratory.
Thirty female runners (age = 28.3 ± 7.08 years) with PFP were randomly assigned to the exercise or mindfulness-exercise group.
INTERVENTION(S): The exercise-only group followed a protocol (18 weeks, 3 sessions/wk) that featured training modifications to help control injury-related symptoms. The mindfulness-exercise group received an 8-week mindfulness intervention in addition to the exercise protocol. The mindfulness component started 4 weeks before the exercise component; therefore, the 2 components overlapped during the first 4 weeks of the intervention.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Usual pain, pain during stepping, and pain during running were assessed using visual analog scales. Functional limitations of the knee were assessed using the Knee Outcome Survey. Fear of movement, pain catastrophizing, and coping strategies were measured via the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, respectively. These outcomes were assessed at baseline, at week 9, and after 18 weeks.
Pain during running, pain during stepping, and functional limitations of the knee were less for the mindfulness-exercise group than for the exercise-only group (P values < .05). The mindfulness-exercise group reported greater perceived treatment effects than the exercise-only group (P < .05). Pain catastrophizing was less and coping strategies were more favorable for mindfulness-exercise participants than for exercise-only participants (P values < .05).
Mindfulness practice can be an effective adjunct to exercise therapy in the rehabilitation of PFP in recreational female runners.
考虑到目前强调心理因素在疼痛管理中的作用的模型，正念练习可能是管理疼痛的有效策略。
研究在运动疗法的基础上增加 8 周正念练习对髌股疼痛（PFP）女性业余跑步者疼痛严重程度、膝关节功能、运动恐惧和疼痛灾难化的感知的影响。
随机对照临床试验。
大学实验室。
30 名女性跑步者（年龄=28.3±7.08 岁）患有 PFP，随机分配到运动或正念-运动组。
仅运动组遵循一个方案（18 周，每周 3 次），该方案进行了训练修改，以帮助控制与损伤相关的症状。正念-运动组除了运动方案外，还接受了 8 周的正念干预。正念部分在运动部分前 4 周开始；因此，2 个部分在干预的前 4 周重叠。
使用视觉模拟量表评估常规疼痛、踏足时疼痛和跑步时疼痛。膝关节功能障碍采用膝关节结果调查评估。运动恐惧、疼痛灾难化和应对策略分别通过运动恐惧症量表、疼痛灾难化量表和应对策略问卷进行测量。这些结果在基线、第 9 周和 18 周后进行评估。
与仅运动组相比，正念-运动组的跑步时疼痛、踏足时疼痛和膝关节功能障碍较轻（P 值<.05）。正念-运动组报告的治疗效果感知优于仅运动组（P<.05）。与仅运动组相比，正念-运动组的疼痛灾难化程度较低，应对策略更为有利（P 值<.05）。
正念练习可以作为运动疗法的有效辅助手段，用于康复女性业余跑步者的 PFP。
