Grupo de Atención Primaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 48902 Baracaldo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 23;17(22):8677. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228677.
The aim was to examine how proximity to facilities, as a component of community determinants, is associated with the health-related habits of functionally independent community-dwelling older adults. This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews. Participants were >65 years old, living in 15 municipalities of Gipuzkoa (Basque Country, Spain). Proximity to park-green spaces, cultural-sport centers, market-food stores, retirement associations, religious centers, primary care centers and hospitals was explored. Sociodemographic variables and health-related habits (diet, physical activity and self-perceived social life) were collected. Logistic regression models were performed. The sample comprised of 634 individuals (55% women; mean age: 74.8, SD 6.7 years). Older age (odds ratio-OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.97) was associated with lower physical activity, while being male (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.08-2.68) and proximity to park-green spaces (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.03-2.61) were related to more physical activity. Individuals with good self-perceived health (OR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.82-6.74) and religious centers within walking distance (OR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.40-5.04) had higher odds of a satisfactory social life. Encouraging the creation of park-green spaces and leisure centers near residential areas can assist in promoting physical activity and improving the social life of older adults.
目的在于探讨社区决定因素中的设施接近程度与功能独立的社区居住老年人的健康相关习惯之间的关系。这是一项横断面研究。数据通过面对面访谈收集。参与者年龄>65 岁，居住在巴斯克地区（西班牙）的 15 个城市。探讨了与公园绿地、文化体育中心、市场食品店、退休协会、宗教中心、初级保健中心和医院的接近程度。收集了社会人口统计学变量和与健康相关的习惯（饮食、身体活动和自我感知的社会生活）。进行了逻辑回归模型分析。样本包括 634 人（女性占 55%；平均年龄：74.8±6.7 岁）。年龄较大（比值比-OR：0.94，95%可信区间：0.91-0.97）与较低的身体活动相关，而男性（OR：1.71，95%可信区间：1.08-2.68）和接近公园绿地（OR：1.64，95%可信区间：1.03-2.61）与更多的身体活动有关。自我感知健康状况良好的个体（OR：3.50，95%可信区间：1.82-6.74）和步行距离内有宗教中心的个体（OR：2.66，95%可信区间：1.40-5.04）具有更高的社交生活满意度的可能性。鼓励在居民区附近创建公园绿地和休闲中心，可以帮助促进老年人的身体活动和改善他们的社交生活。
