Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
Cell Commun Signal. 2020 Nov 25;18(1):186. doi: 10.1186/s12964-020-00659-x.
Mitochondria are important cellular organelles involved in many different functions, from energy generation and fatty acid oxidation to cell death regulation and immune responses. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial stress acts as a key trigger of innate immune responses. Critically, the dysfunctional mitochondria can be selectively eliminated by mitophagy. The elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria may function as an effective way employed by mitophagy to keep the immune system in check. In addition, mitophagy can be utilized by pathogens for immune evasion. In this review, we summarize how mitochondrial stress triggers innate immune responses and the roles of mitophagy in innate immunity and in infection, as well as the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy. Video Abstract.
线粒体是参与多种不同功能的重要细胞细胞器，从能量产生和脂肪酸氧化到细胞死亡调节和免疫反应。越来越多的证据表明，线粒体应激是先天免疫反应的关键触发因素。至关重要的是，功能失调的线粒体可以通过自噬选择性消除。消除功能失调的线粒体可能是自噬用来控制免疫系统的有效方法。此外，病原体也可以利用自噬来逃避免疫。在这篇综述中，我们总结了线粒体应激如何引发先天免疫反应，以及自噬在先天免疫和感染中的作用，以及自噬的分子机制。
