Department of Dosage Form Technology, Riga Stradiņš University, Latvia;, Email:
Department of Dosage Form Technology, Riga Stradiņš University, Latvia.
Pharmazie. 2020 Nov 1;75(11):606-610. doi: 10.1691/ph.2020.0069.
The study covers the period of World War II after shift of occupational powers in Latvia when Soviet occupation was replaced by the occupation regime of Nazi Germany in the summer of 1941 and retained until first half of 1945. Due to this shift gradually Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Belarus were merged into a single administrative area and designated as "Ostland". Soviet officials left the pharmaceutical industry, which they had tried to apply to the communist ideology from June 1940 to June 1941 creating confusion and chaos. The renewed Pharmacy Board of Latvia had to deal with the restoration of supervision and a partial return from the communist to the capitalist regime. The research provides an insight to adaptation and development of the pharmaceutical industry in Latvia during Nazi Germany occupation regime, highlighting as essential indicators the administrative operation of Pharmacy Board of Latvia and its cooperation with German authorities, the availability of medicines, process of reprivatisation of pharmacies and changes in the number of pharmaceutical employees. The research issue raised is topical, since it is this period that reflects the industry's ability to adapt and perform work in fundamentally different and severe circumstances, which include both resource deficits and the transition from one regime to another. The collected evidence shows the efforts to stabilize the pharmaceutical industry in many terms. One example was the attemptions to ensure the rational dispensing of medical products to the pharmacies and hospitals, with the greatest degree of austerity, because the supply and consumption of medication was extremely complex issue throughout the war.
本研究涵盖了第二次世界大战期间拉脱维亚职业权力转移的时期，即 1941 年夏季苏联占领被纳粹德国占领政权取代，并一直持续到 1945 年上半年。由于这一转变，拉脱维亚、立陶宛、爱沙尼亚和白俄罗斯逐渐合并为一个单一的行政区域，并被指定为“Ostland”。苏联官员离开了他们试图从 1940 年 6 月到 1941 年 6 月将制药业应用于共产主义意识形态的领域，导致混乱和混乱。重新组建的拉脱维亚药房理事会不得不处理监督的恢复和从共产主义向资本主义制度的部分回归。该研究提供了一个深入了解拉脱维亚在纳粹德国占领期间制药业的适应和发展的视角，强调了拉脱维亚药房理事会的行政运作及其与德国当局的合作、药品的供应、药房的重新私有化过程以及药剂师人数的变化作为重要指标。提出的研究问题具有现实意义，因为正是这一时期反映了该行业在根本不同和严峻的情况下适应和开展工作的能力，其中包括资源短缺和从一种制度向另一种制度的过渡。收集到的证据表明，人们做出了许多努力来稳定制药业。一个例子是试图确保以最大的节俭程度向药房和医院合理分配医疗产品，因为在整个战争期间，药物的供应和消费都是一个极其复杂的问题。
