Regulation of microRNAs in high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemic hamsters.

Dyslipidemia is a documented risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and other metabolic disorders. Therefore, the analysis of hyperlipidemia (HL)-related miRNAs is a potential approach for achieving new prognostic markers in lipid-metabolism related diseases. We aimed to analyze specific distribution of miRNAs in different tissues from HL animals. Golden Syrian hamsters were fed either regular chow (NL) or high-fat diet (HL) for 12 weeks. Microarray miRNAs profiling was performed in liver, heart and small intestine and data analyzed by R-studio software. Functional enrichment bioinformatics analysis was performed using miRWalk and DAVID tools. We observed a dysregulation of miRNAs in HL tissues evidencing a discrete distribution in the heart-liver axis and three lipid metabolism-related miRNAs were identified: hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-21-5p, and hsa-miR-146a-5p. Expression levels of these miRNAs were increased in HL livers and hearts. Functional bioinformatics analysis showed involvement of these miRNAs in the regulation of biological processes altered in HL conditions such as lipid metabolic process, fat cell differentiation, regulation of smooth muscle cells and cardiac septum development. We identified a set of miRNAs dysregulated in different tissues of HFD-induced HL hamsters. These findings motivate further studies aiming to investigate novel molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism and atherogenic HL.