Golonka Rachel M, Cooper Johnathan Kawika, Issa Rochell, Devarasetty Pratyush Pavan, Gokula Veda, Busken Joshua, Zubcevic Jasenka, Hill Jennifer, Vijay-Kumar Matam, Menon Bindu, Joe Bina
Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2021 May 7;23(5):28. doi: 10.1007/s11906-021-01142-9.
To review the current knowledge on interactions between dietary factors and microRNAs (miRNAs) in essential hypertension (EH) pathogenesis.
There exists an integration of maintenance signals generated by genetic, epigenetic, immune, and environmental (e.g., dietary) factors that work to sustain balance in the gut-liver axis. It is well established that an imbalance in this complex, intertwined system substantially increases the risk for EH. As such, pertinent research has been taken to decipher how each signal operates in isolation and together in EH progression. Recent literature indicates that both macro- and micronutrients interrupt regulatory miRNA expressions and thus, alter multiple cellular processes that contribute to EH and its comorbidities. We highlight how carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, salt, and potassium modify miRNA signatures during EH. The disruption in miRNA expression can negatively impact communication systems such as over activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, modulating the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype, and promoting angiogenesis to favor EH. We also delineate the prognostic value of miRNAs in EH and discuss the pros and cons of surgical vs dietary prophylactic approaches in EH prevention. We propose that dietary-dependent perturbation of the miRNA profile is one mechanism within the gut-liver axis that dictates EH development.
综述目前关于饮食因素与微小RNA（miRNA）在原发性高血压（EH）发病机制中相互作用的知识。
遗传、表观遗传、免疫和环境（如饮食）因素产生的维持信号相互整合，共同维持肠-肝轴的平衡。众所周知，这个复杂且相互交织的系统失衡会显著增加患EH的风险。因此，相关研究致力于解读每个信号在EH进展过程中单独及共同发挥作用的方式。近期文献表明，宏量营养素和微量营养素都会干扰miRNA的调控表达，进而改变导致EH及其合并症的多个细胞过程。我们重点介绍了碳水化合物、脂质、蛋白质、盐和钾在EH过程中如何改变miRNA特征。miRNA表达的破坏会对通讯系统产生负面影响，如过度激活肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统、调节血管平滑肌细胞表型以及促进血管生成，从而引发EH。我们还阐述了miRNA在EH中的预后价值，并讨论了手术与饮食预防方法在EH预防中的利弊。我们提出，饮食依赖性的miRNA谱扰动是肠-肝轴中决定EH发展的一种机制。
