Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety, University of Valencia, Spain.
Research Unit in Sport and Health, and Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Spain.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 Nov 19;19(4):735-744. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Modifying basal elongation of elastic bands (EB) has been proven useful to increase some parameters of the intensity in variable resistance training. Therefore, the question arises as to whether the pertinent resistance could be applied with EB immediately above the sticking point in squat exercises to optimize the performance. The purpose was to analyze some variables of the external (kilograms and number of repetitions) and internal load (heart rate, blood pressure, and rate of perceived exertion) after six different conditions of the squat exercise when using weight plates (WP) or EB (placed at different points of the range of motion) and applying maximal or submaximal effort. Twenty physically active males (25.50 ± 5.26 yrs) underwent two sessions for familiarization and one for assessment. The six conditions (three with WP and three with EB) were randomly performed. The sticking point of each subject was measured using the knee joint angle and the resistance was applied with EB at this height. Immediately after finishing each set subjects reported perceived effort rate and cardiovascular measurements were taken. Repetitions completed, and kilograms used were recorded. Repeated measures testing evaluated differences between conditions. EB permitted performing 8 more repetitions compared to WP when the same load was added at standing position. Adding the load immediately above the sticking point significantly (p < 0.05) increased 24.7% the kilograms used and permitted participants to perform 3 more repetitions. Internal load measurements suggested that EB could significantly (p < 0.05) reduce the perceived effort rate and/or physiological stress depending on their application. EB are a suitable device to load the bar for squat exercises in fit young men. According to the necessities of the subjects, if the load with EB is added at different points of the range of motion, it could be possible to overcome the sticking point, to maximize the performance and/or modulate cardiovascular and perceptual responses.
改变弹性带（EB）的基础伸长已被证明有助于增加变阻力训练中某些强度参数。因此，出现了这样一个问题，即在深蹲练习中，EB 是否可以立即在黏滞点上方施加相关阻力，以优化表现。目的是分析使用重量盘（WP）或 EB（放置在运动范围的不同点）时，深蹲练习的 6 种不同条件下的一些外部（公斤和重复次数）和内部（心率、血压和主观用力程度）负荷变量，同时施加最大或次最大努力。20 名身体活跃的男性（25.50±5.26 岁）进行了两次熟悉度测试和一次评估。这 6 种条件（WP 有 3 种，EB 有 3 种）是随机进行的。使用膝关节角度测量每个受试者的黏滞点，并在此高度使用 EB 施加阻力。每组结束后，受试者立即报告主观用力程度，测量心血管测量值。记录完成的重复次数和使用的公斤数。重复测量测试评估了条件之间的差异。当在站立位置添加相同的负荷时，与 WP 相比，EB 可以多完成 8 次重复。在黏滞点上方立即添加负荷会显著（p<0.05）增加 24.7%的使用公斤数，并使参与者多完成 3 次重复。内部负荷测量表明，根据应用的不同，EB 可以显著（p<0.05）降低主观用力程度和/或生理应激。EB 是一种适合年轻健康男性深蹲练习加载杠铃的设备。根据受试者的需要，如果在运动范围内的不同点添加 EB 负载，则可以克服黏滞点，最大限度地提高表现，或调节心血管和感知反应。
