Fe'li Shadi Naderyan, Yassini Ardekani Seyed Mojtaba, Dehghani Ali
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2020 Oct;15(4):266-273. doi: 10.18502/ijps.v15i4.4292.
This study aimed to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia and to specify predictors of the metabolic syndrome among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This cross sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with schizophrenia and 100 patients with bipolar disorder. The participants' metabolic syndrome was determined according to the criteria set by Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. Hyperhomocysteinemia was considered as homocysteine levels higher than 15 µmol/L. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, student t test, Mann-Whitney test, and logistic regression were used for data analysis. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not significantly different (P = 0.07) between patients with schizophrenia (27%) and bipolar disorder (39%). No statistically significant difference (P = 0.17) was observed between patients with schizophrenia (82%) and bipolar disorder (74%) in the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia. The results of multivariable logistic regression model showed a significant association of smoking and BMI with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.13-12.05, and OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60, respectively). In patients with bipolar disorder, BMI was a significant predictor of developing metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.14-1.47). Metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in women than in men in both diagnostic groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in hyperhomocysteinemia prevalence between male and female patients with schizophrenia (P = 1.00). However, hyperhomocysteinemia was more prevalent in males than in females among patients with bipolar disorder (P = 0.001). Findings showed a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. To deal with this problem, regular monitoring and conducting early interventions are recommended to determine the metabolic risk profile and to prevent the cardiovascular diseases.
本研究旨在比较精神分裂症患者和双相情感障碍患者代谢综合征和高同型半胱氨酸血症的患病率，并明确代谢综合征的预测因素。本横断面研究对100例精神分裂症患者和100例双相情感障碍患者进行。根据美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组第三次报告设定的标准确定参与者的代谢综合征。高同型半胱氨酸血症被定义为同型半胱氨酸水平高于15µmol/L。采用卡方检验、Fisher精确检验、学生t检验、Mann-Whitney检验和逻辑回归进行数据分析。精神分裂症患者（27%）和双相情感障碍患者（39%）的代谢综合征患病率无显著差异（P = 0.07）。精神分裂症患者（82%）和双相情感障碍患者（74%）的高同型半胱氨酸血症患病率无统计学显著差异（P = 0.17）。多变量逻辑回归模型结果显示，吸烟和体重指数与精神分裂症患者的代谢综合征显著相关（OR分别为3.69，95%CI：1.13 - 12.05和OR为1.38，95%CI：1.20 - 1.60）。在双相情感障碍患者中，体重指数是发生代谢综合征的显著预测因素（OR = 1.29，95%CI：1.14 - 1.47）。在两个诊断组中，代谢综合征在女性中比在男性中更普遍（P < 0.05）。精神分裂症男性和女性患者的高同型半胱氨酸血症患病率无显著差异（P = 1.00）。然而，在双相情感障碍患者中，高同型半胱氨酸血症在男性中比在女性中更普遍（P = 0.001）。研究结果显示，精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者中代谢综合征和高同型半胱氨酸血症的患病率较高。为解决这一问题，建议定期监测并进行早期干预，以确定代谢风险状况并预防心血管疾病。
