College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Apr;28(13):15806-15818. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11744-6. Epub 2020 Nov 26.
Anthropogenic activities, such as mining, influence soil bacterial community composition and microbial distributions. In the current study, the patterns in microbial distribution and the environmental drivers shaping the soil bacterial community composition in the alpine mining area of the Tianshan Mountain region, China, were investigated, and the bacterial communities were analyzed using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing. The environmental factors and their relationships with the microbial community composition, structure, and diversity were also assessed. The soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration increased along the elevation gradient, with the highest concentration in the mining area, which increased microbial abundance and species richness. Some metals, like Ca, Cu, Pb, and Zn, accumulated significantly in the tailing area and were negatively correlated with the microbial community structure. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia were the dominant phyla; these dominant phyla were more abundant in the areas without mining than in the areas with mining at the same altitude. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia significantly increased along the elevation gradient, while that of Actinobacteria in the mining camp area was more than twice those in the other areas due to higher soil pH. Soil biomass was the highest in the valley. Collectively, these results elucidate the influence of anthropogenic mining activities on soil microbial communities in alpine mining soils and provide a basis for the future management of heavy metal-contaminated areas using the indigenous dominant bacterial phyla.
人为活动，如采矿，会影响土壤细菌群落组成和微生物分布。本研究调查了中国天山高寒矿区土壤微生物分布模式及其土壤细菌群落组成的环境驱动因素，并采用 16S rDNA 焦磷酸测序分析了细菌群落。还评估了环境因素及其与微生物群落组成、结构和多样性的关系。土壤有机碳（SOC）浓度沿海拔梯度增加，矿区浓度最高，这增加了微生物丰度和物种丰富度。一些金属，如 Ca、Cu、Pb 和 Zn，在尾矿区显著积累，并与微生物群落结构呈负相关。变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门和疣微菌门是主要的门；这些优势门在没有采矿的区域比在同一海拔的采矿区域更丰富。随着海拔的升高，变形菌门和疣微菌门的相对丰度显著增加，而采矿区放线菌门的相对丰度是其他区域的两倍以上，这是由于土壤 pH 值较高。山谷中的土壤生物量最高。总之，这些结果阐明了人为采矿活动对高寒矿区土壤微生物群落的影响，并为未来利用土著优势细菌门管理重金属污染区提供了依据。
