Widziolek Magdalena, Janik Klaudia, Mojzesz Miriam, Pooranachandran Niedharsan, Adamek Mikolaj, Pecio Anna, Surachetpong Win, Levraud Jean-Pierre, Boudinot Pierre, Chadzinska Magdalena, Rakus Krzysztof
Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Buenteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2021 Mar;116:103936. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103936. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV; genus: Tilapinevirus, family: Amnoonviridae) is a recently characterised enveloped virus with a linear, negative-sense single-stranded RNA genome, which causes high mortality in tilapia species. In the present study, we demonstrated that zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae are susceptible to TiLV infection upon systemic injection. TiLV replicated in zebrafish larvae and caused their high mortality (of about 70%). Histopathological examination revealed that TiLV infection caused pathological abnormalities in zebrafish larvae that were well visible within the brain. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed that TiLV infection induced up-regulation of the expression of the immune-related genes encoding pathogen recognition receptors involved in sensing of viral dsRNA (rig-I (ddx58), tlr3, tlr22), transcription factors (irf3, irf7), type I interferon (infϕ1), antiviral protein (mxa), and pro-inflammatory cytokine (il-1β). We also demonstrated the protective role of the recombinant zebrafish IFNϕ1 on the survival of zebrafish larvae during TiLV infection. Our results show the importance of type I IFN response during TiLV infection in zebrafish larvae and demonstrate that zebrafish is a good model organism to study interactions between TiLV - a newly emerging in aquaculture virus, and fish host.
罗非鱼湖病毒（TiLV；属：罗非鱼病毒属，科：阿穆恩病毒科）是一种最近被鉴定出来的有包膜病毒，其基因组为线性、负义单链RNA，可导致罗非鱼品种的高死亡率。在本研究中，我们证明斑马鱼（Danio rerio）幼体经全身注射后易受TiLV感染。TiLV在斑马鱼幼体中复制并导致其高死亡率（约70%）。组织病理学检查显示，TiLV感染导致斑马鱼幼体出现病理异常，在大脑中清晰可见。此外，基因表达分析表明，TiLV感染诱导了参与感知病毒双链RNA的病原体识别受体（rig-I（ddx58）、tlr3、tlr22）、转录因子（irf3、irf7）、I型干扰素（infϕ1）、抗病毒蛋白（mxa）和促炎细胞因子（il-1β）编码的免疫相关基因表达上调。我们还证明了重组斑马鱼IFNϕ1在TiLV感染期间对斑马鱼幼体存活的保护作用。我们的结果显示了I型干扰素反应在斑马鱼幼体TiLV感染中的重要性，并证明斑马鱼是研究TiLV（一种水产养殖新出现的病毒）与鱼类宿主之间相互作用的良好模式生物。
