Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Biotechnol Adv. 2021 Jan-Feb;46:107671. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107671. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the movement of genetic material between distinct species by means other than sexual reproduction. HGT has contributed tremendously to the genome plasticity and adaptive evolution of prokaryotes and certain unicellular eukaryotes. The evolution of green plants from chlorophyte algae to angiosperms and from water to land represents a process of adaptation to diverse environments, which has been facilitated by acquisition of genetic material from other organisms. In this article, we review the occurrence of HGT in major lineages of green plants, including chlorophyte and charophyte green algae, bryophytes, lycophytes, ferns, and seed plants. In addition, we discuss the significance of horizontally acquired genes in the adaptive innovations of green plants and their potential applications to crop breeding and improvement.
水平基因转移（HGT）是指通过除有性生殖以外的其他方式在不同物种之间转移遗传物质。HGT 极大地促进了原核生物和某些单细胞真核生物的基因组可塑性和适应性进化。从绿藻到被子植物的绿色植物的进化以及从水生到陆生的进化代表了对不同环境的适应过程，这一过程得益于从其他生物体获得遗传物质。在本文中，我们综述了 HGT 在绿色植物的主要谱系中发生的情况，包括绿藻和轮藻绿藻、苔藓植物、石松类植物、蕨类植物和种子植物。此外，我们还讨论了水平获得的基因在绿色植物适应性创新中的意义及其在作物育种和改良中的潜在应用。
