Arima Kazuhiko, Mizukami Satoshi, Nishimura Takayuki, Tomita Yoshihito, Nakashima Hiroki, Abe Yasuyo, Aoyagi Kiyoshi
Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Physiol Anthropol. 2020 Nov 26;39(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s40101-020-00249-3.
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with osteoporosis, fracture, muscle weakness, falls, and osteoarthritis in adults. Elderly individuals are more likely to present with poor musculoskeletal conditions. Recently, several epidemiological studies have assessed the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and musculoskeletal conditions in elderly individuals.
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Numerous studies have shown a positive association between serum 25(OH)D levels and bone mineral density. Only a few studies have reported an association between serum 25(OH)D levels and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters. Low serum 25(OH)D level may be a risk factor for hip fracture. However, data on the association between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of non-hip fracture are contrasting. Falls are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in older adults. Several prospective population-based cohort studies have shown that low 25(OH)D levels are associated with an increased risk of falls. Reduced muscle strength and physical performance are risk factors for adverse events, including disability, institutionalization, and mortality. The role of vitamin D in musculoskeletal functionality (muscle weakness and physical performance) among elderly individuals is still controversial. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is a leading cause of disability among older adults. Data on the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and OA are contrasting.
Some studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for poor musculoskeletal conditions, such as osteoporosis, fracture, muscle weakness, falls, and osteoarthritis in adults. However, other studies did not find an association between serum 25(OH)D levels and musculoskeletal conditions.
维生素D缺乏与成年人的骨质疏松症、骨折、肌肉无力、跌倒及骨关节炎相关。老年人更易出现骨骼肌肉状况不佳的情况。近期，多项流行病学研究评估了老年人群血清25-羟维生素D（25(OH)D）水平与骨骼肌肉状况之间的相关性。
骨质疏松症是一种以骨量低和骨组织微结构恶化为特征的骨骼疾病，随之而来的是骨脆性增加和骨折易感性增加。众多研究表明血清25(OH)D水平与骨矿物质密度呈正相关。仅有少数研究报道了血清25(OH)D水平与定量超声（QUS）参数之间的关联。血清25(OH)D水平低可能是髋部骨折的一个危险因素。然而，关于维生素D缺乏与非髋部骨折发生率之间关联的数据存在矛盾。跌倒是老年人死亡和发病的主要原因。多项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究表明，25(OH)D水平低与跌倒风险增加相关。肌肉力量和身体机能下降是包括残疾、入住养老院和死亡在内的不良事件的危险因素。维生素D在老年人骨骼肌肉功能（肌肉无力和身体机能）方面的作用仍存在争议。骨关节炎（OA）是最常见的关节炎形式，是老年人残疾的主要原因。关于血清25(OH)D水平与OA之间关联的数据存在矛盾。
一些研究表明，维生素D缺乏可能是成年人骨骼肌肉状况不佳的危险因素，如骨质疏松症、骨折、肌肉无力、跌倒和骨关节炎。然而，其他研究未发现血清25(OH)D水平与骨骼肌肉状况之间存在关联。
