[Effect of nutritional status on mortality and functional recovery in older adults with hip fracture].

INTRODUCTION

Malnutrition is a common problem in the elderly population but has not been fully studied in elderly people with hip fractures. The goal is to estimate annual mortality based on nutrition in the elderly with hip fracture and compare motor functionality.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Retrospective cohort of patients over 65 years of age with hip fracture included in the Institutional Register of The Elderly with Hip Fracture of a University Hospital, between July 2014 and July 2018. Nutritional status with Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) was assessed at hospital admission. Motor functional capacity was evaluated with Parker Scale (PS) basal, at three and 12 months.

RESULTS

1,253 patients were included. 49.92% (CI95% 47.12-52.72) were malnourished. The annual mortality of the well-nourished (WN) was 9.45% (CI95% 7.23-12.30) against 21.52% (CI95% 18.12-25.45; p 0.001) of the malnourished (MN). The risk of death was associated with malnutrition HR 2.45 (CI95% 1.75-3.43; p 0.001). After adjusting it by age, sex, fragility, AVD, Charlson comorbility index and dementia, the risk remained HR 1.71 (CI95% 17-2.49; p = 0.005). With respect to functionality, the basal Parker Scale median (EP) for the WN group was 9 (RIC6-9) and for MN was 5 (RIC3-9) p 0.001, 6 months (RIC3-6) and 4 (RIC2-6) p 0.001 and 12 months 6 (RIC4-7) and 3 (RIC2-6) p 0.001.

CONCLUSIONS

There is an association between the malnutrition of the elderly with hip fracture and its mortality with a year of evaluation; we also find a difference in motor functionality.