Dahmen Janosch, Bäker Linnart, Breuer Florian, Homrighausen Karsten, Pommerenke Christopher, Stiepak Jan-Karl, Poloczek Stefan
Berliner Feuerwehr, Berlin, Deutschland.
Ärztliche Leitung Rettungsdienst im Land Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland.
Anaesthesist. 2021 May;70(5):420-431. doi: 10.1007/s00101-020-00890-8.
The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented severe test for emergency medicine in Germany. In addition to in-hospital emergency medicine, prehospital emergency medicine has the decisive task of fully guaranteeing emergency medical healthcare. In this article the Berlin Fire Brigade shows new ways for emergency medical services to fulfil these increased responsibilities during the pandemic in prehospital emergency medicine in the State of Berlin.
A systematic presentation of the challenges and conceptional responses of preclinical emergency medicine to the COVID-19 pandemic was carried out using the example of the emergency medical services in the State of Berlin.
The Berlin Fire Brigade has a dispatch center that coordinates all requests for assistance in the State of Berlin over the emergency telephone number 112. On average a total of 2565 emergency calls are received every 24 h, from which 1271 missions are generated. During the pandemic there was a striking increase in missions to patients with acute respiratory diseases (ARD). Of the missions 11% were carried out to patients with the suspicion of COVID-19. The duration of the emergency calls was extended on average by 1:36 min due to the additional questions in the pandemic protocol and the duration of the mission by an average of 17 min with the additional alarm keyword acute respiratory disease (ARD).
The continuing pandemic reveals that tasks and responsibilities of public services in emergency rescue go far beyond the immediate medical prevention of danger to life and limb. In addition to the controller and triage functions in the integrated dispatch center of the Berlin Fire Brigade (112), the emergency and healthcare measures could be ensured. This was accomplished by comprehensive measures for situation control, situation reports and mastering situations despite the lack of alternative outpatient care options, especially in the areas of general practitioner, public health care and medical specialist practices.
新冠疫情对德国的急诊医学而言是一场前所未有的严峻考验。除了院内急诊医学，院前急诊医学承担着全面保障紧急医疗护理的决定性任务。在本文中，柏林消防队展示了在柏林州院前急诊医学领域应对疫情期间这些增加的职责的新方法。
以柏林州的紧急医疗服务为例，对临床前急诊医学应对新冠疫情的挑战和概念性应对措施进行了系统介绍。
柏林消防队设有一个调度中心，通过紧急电话号码112协调柏林州所有的援助请求。平均每24小时共接到2565个紧急呼叫，由此产生1271次任务。疫情期间，前往患有急性呼吸道疾病（ARD）患者的任务显著增加。在这些任务中，11%是针对疑似新冠患者执行的。由于疫情预案中的额外问题，紧急呼叫的时长平均延长了1分36秒，而由于新增的“急性呼吸道疾病（ARD）”警报关键词，任务时长平均延长了17分钟。
持续的疫情表明，公共服务在紧急救援中的任务和职责远远超出了对生命和肢体直接医疗危险的预防。除了柏林消防队综合调度中心（112）的调度员和分诊功能外，紧急和医疗保健措施也能得到保障。尽管缺乏替代门诊护理选项，尤其是在全科医生、公共医疗保健和专科医生诊所领域，但通过全面的情况控制、情况报告和应对措施，这一目标得以实现。
