Political Science Department, Northeastern University, 960A Renaissance Park, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115-5000, USA.
Political Science, Public Policy and Urban Affairs and Director of Security and Resilience Program, Northeastern University, Dept. of Political Science, 215H Renaissance Park, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Feb 15;280:111643. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111643. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
When disaster strikes, urban planners often rely on feedback and guidance from committees of officials, residents, and interest groups when crafting reconstruction policy. Focusing on recovery planning committees after Japan's 2011 earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disasters, we compile and analyze a dataset on committee membership patterns across 39 committees with 657 members. Using descriptive statistics and social network analysis, we examine 1) how community representation through membership varied among committees, and 2) in what ways did committees share members, interlinking members from certain interests groups. This study finds that community representation varies considerably among committees, negatively related to the prevalence of experts, bureaucrats, and business interests. Committee membership overlap occurred heavily along geographic boundaries, bridged by engineers and government officials. Engineers and government bureaucrats also tend to be connected to more members of the committee network than community representatives, giving them prized positions to disseminate ideas about best practices in recovery. This study underscores the importance of diversity and community representation in disaster recovery planning to facilitate equal participation, information access, and policy implementation across communities.
当灾难发生时，城市规划者在制定重建政策时，通常依赖于官员、居民和利益团体委员会的反馈和指导。本文聚焦于日本 2011 年地震、海啸和核灾难后的恢复规划委员会，我们编制并分析了一个数据集，其中包含 39 个委员会的 657 名成员的成员模式。通过描述性统计和社会网络分析，我们考察了 1）委员会成员如何在社区代表性方面存在差异，以及 2）委员会在哪些方面共享成员，将来自某些利益群体的成员联系在一起。这项研究发现，委员会成员的社区代表性差异很大，与专家、官僚和商业利益的盛行呈负相关。委员会成员的重叠主要沿着地理边界发生，由工程师和政府官员来弥合。工程师和政府官僚也往往与委员会网络中的更多成员有联系，比社区代表更有发言权，这使他们有机会传播关于恢复最佳实践的想法。这项研究强调了在灾难恢复规划中多样性和社区代表性的重要性，以促进各社区之间的平等参与、信息获取和政策实施。
