Department of Oral Surgery, University of Leeds School of Dentistry, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK.
Br Dent J. 2020 Nov;229(10):687-689. doi: 10.1038/s41415-020-2346-4. Epub 2020 Nov 27.
During the last 50 years, an increasing number of toothpastes have been marketed that include pyrophosphates as anti-tartar (calculus) agents. Pyrophosphates are chelating agents with low toxicity and a broad range of applications, such as food additives and in industrial applications. Like other chelating agents, the prime function is to combine with metal elements and, in toothpastes, to inhibit calcium phosphate deposits in the form of dental calculus. It is well established that pyrophosphates inhibit crystal growth of hydroxyapatite in bones and teeth, and theoretically may negatively affect the demineralisation-remineralisation equilibrium at the tooth surface. Surprisingly, little clinical research has been carried out to assess if the caries protection provided by fluoride toothpaste is compromised by the inclusion of pyrophosphates and the existing evidence is inconsistent. In the absence of more clinical research, it is suggested that children should not use pyrophosphate-containing toothpastes under 12 years of age.
在过去的 50 年中，越来越多的牙膏被推向市场，其中包含焦磷酸盐作为抗牙垢（牙石）剂。焦磷酸盐是一种低毒性、应用广泛的螯合剂，例如作为食品添加剂和工业应用。与其他螯合剂一样，其主要功能是与金属元素结合，在牙膏中，以抑制以牙石形式存在的磷酸钙沉积。人们已经充分认识到，焦磷酸盐抑制了骨骼和牙齿中羟磷灰石的晶体生长，并且从理论上讲，可能会对牙齿表面的脱矿质-再矿化平衡产生负面影响。令人惊讶的是，很少有临床研究评估在含氟牙膏中加入焦磷酸盐是否会影响龋齿的保护作用，而且现有证据并不一致。在缺乏更多临床研究的情况下，建议 12 岁以下的儿童不应使用含焦磷酸盐的牙膏。
